Basic Sciences
Approaches to the upper extremity ( Table 2.22 ) Surgical approaches to the shoulder ( Fig. 2.25 ) Anterior (…
Imaging and Special Studies Radiation safety Should be considered for every fluoroscopic case Increased rad…
Nutritional rickets (see Table 1.16 ) Vitamin D–deficiency rickets Rare after addition of vitamin D to milk, …
Histologic features of bone Types ( Fig. 1.1 ; Table 1.1) bone: lamellar or mature Immature and pathologic bo…
Skeletal muscle anatomy ( Fig. 1.40 ) Cellular anatomy Sarcolemma: plasma membrane surrounding cell Extends i…
Master critical shoulder neurovascular spaces: quadrangular, triangular & interval. Learn borders, key nerves…
BONE OSSIFICATION CENTER AGE AT APPEARANCE …
Cellular biology of bone ( Fig. 1.2 ) Osteoblasts Appear as cuboid cells aligned in layers along immature ost…
Anatomy and physiology of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) Neuron (see Fig. 1.49 ) Cell body (metabolic ce…
Muscles of the Shoulder Girdle Muscle Origin Insertion Action Innervation Trapezius SP C7–T12 Clavicle, scapu…
Rheumatoid arthritis (see Table 1.20 ) Most common inflammatory arthritis Affects 0.5%–1% of population; thre…
Bone vascular supply Bone receives 5%–10% of the cardiac output. Bones with a tenuous blood supply include th…
Scientific reviews prepared according to the latest international orthopedic protocols.
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