osteoporosis

دكتور عظام صنعاء: دليلك الشامل مع الأستاذ د. محمد هطيف

افضل دكتور عظام صنعاء | أ.د. محمد هطيف: خبير جراحة المفاصل والعمود الفقري {   "@context": "https://schema.org",   "@type": "Article",   "mainEntityOfPage": {     "@type":

الأستاذ د. محمد هطيف أفضل جراح عظام في صنعاء

دكتور عظام صنعاء: دليل شامل لرعاية العظام والمفاصل مع أ.د محمد هطيف دكتور عظام صنعاء: الدليل النهائي والشامل لصحة مثالية للعظام والمفاصل مع الأستاذ الدكتور محمد

Orthopedic MD Oral Examination:Management of Proximal Humerus Fracture

Management of Proximal Humerus Fracture /* CSS for the main container */ .container { font-size: 18px; font-family: WorkSans-Bold, Helvetica, sans-serif; width: 1140px; padding: 20px; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1200px; color: rgb(51, 51,

Proximal Humerus Fractures: Epidemiology, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Proximal Humerus Fractures: Epidemiology, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment body { background-color: #f2f2f2; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #333; margin: 0; padding: 0; } header { background-color: #1a237e; padding:

Promoting Transparency and Trust: Sharing MCQ Questions and Typical Answers

Interactive MCQs * { box-sizing: border-box; } body{ font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color:#f2f2f2; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

Join Us in Providing Orthopedic Care to Disabled and Poor Patients in Yemen

What is Orthopedic Care? Orthopedic care is a branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of disorders and injuries of the musculoskeletal system. The musculoskeletal system includes the bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilage,

Join Us in Providing Orthopedic Care to Disabled and Poor Patients in Yemen

What is Orthopedic Care? Orthopedic care is a branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of disorders and injuries of the musculoskeletal system. The musculoskeletal system includes the bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilage,

Closed Reduction of Fractures: Principles and Techniques

Fractures are common injuries that affect the skeletal system and require appropriate management to restore function and prevent complications. Depending on the type, location, and severity of the fracture, different methods of treatment may be indicated. One of these methods is closed

كيف تحمي طفلك من خطر كسور وخلع الركبة؟

الركبة هي أحد أهم المفاصل في جسم الإنسان، فهي تسمح بالحركة والثبات والتوازن. لكن الركبة أيضًا عرضة للإصابات والكسور التي قد تؤثر على صحة ونمو الطفل. في هذه المدونة،

Femur Neck Fracture: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and More

Proximal femoral fractures, or fractures that occur in the upper part of the femur bone, can cause significant pain, discomfort, and mobility issues. A femur neck fracture is one of the types of proximal femoral fractures, and it occurs when there is a break in the neck of the femur bone, which

What is a subcapital femur neck fracture?

A subcapital femur neck fracture is a break in the neck of the femur, which is the part of the bone that connects the head of the femur to the shaft of the femur. The neck of the femur is a thin and weak bone, so subcapital femur neck fractures are more common in older adults, especially those with

What is the difference between a subcapital and intertrochanteric fracture?

A subcapital fracture is a break in the neck of the femur, which is the part of the bone that connects the head of the femur to the shaft of the femur. An intertrochanteric fracture is a break in the trochanters, which are the two large bony protrusions on the upper end of the femur. Subcapital

Proximal Femoral Fractures: Causes, Classification, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Proximal femoral fractures, also known as hip fractures, are common injuries that affect older adults, especially women. These fractures involve the upper part of the femur, which includes the femoral head, the femoral neck, the intertrochanteric region, and the femoral shaft. The most common type

Proximal Femoral Fractures: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

A proximal femoral fracture is a break in the upper part of the thighbone, also known as the femur. This type of fracture can be caused by a fall, a car accident, or a direct blow to the hip. Proximal femoral fractures are most common in older adults, especially those with osteoporosis. Symptoms

Types of Fractures: What You Need to Know

Fractures are common injuries that affect millions of people every year. A fracture is a break or crack in a bone that can cause pain, swelling, deformity and disability. Fractures can happen in any bone in the body, but some are more common than others. In this blog post, we will explain the

Ankle Fractures: Types, Treatment, and Recovery

An ankle fracture is a break or crack in one or more of the bones that make up the ankle joint. The ankle joint is a complex joint that allows the foot to move in a variety of directions, and is made up of three bones: the tibia, fibula, and talus. Ankle fractures can be caused by a variety of

How New Treatments for Rare Bone Disorders Are Changing the Landscape of Osteoporosis Care

Learn about three rare bone disorders and how they have inspired the development of new treatments for osteoporosis, a common bone disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. MOHAMMAD HUTAIF, EMIAL Introduction Did you know that there are over 7,000 rare diseases in the world,

Humerus Fracture: What You Need to Know

The humerus is the bone that connects your shoulder to your elbow. It can break due to various causes, such as falls, accidents, or osteoporosis. A humerus fracture can cause pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty moving your arm. Depending on the location and severity of the break, you may need

Humerus Fracture: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

A humerus fracture is a break in the upper arm bone. It is one of the most common fractures in the body, and it can occur at any age. However, it is more common in older adults and in people with osteoporosis. Symptoms of a humerus fracture include: Pain in the upper arm Swelling and

How to Prevent Orthopedic Injuries: Safeguarding Your Musculoskeletal Health

Learn effective strategies and tips to prevent orthopedic injuries and safeguard the health of your musculoskeletal system. From proper warm-up and stretching techniques to using correct form, wearing protective gear, and adopting a balanced approach to strength and flexibility, discover how to

The Benefits of Exercise for Orthopedic Health: Strengthening Your Musculoskeletal System

Discover the numerous benefits of exercise for orthopedic health and learn how to strengthen your musculoskeletal system through regular physical activity. From building strong muscles and bones to improving joint stability and range of motion, exercise plays a key role in maintaining a healthy

The Role of Nutrition in Orthopedic Health: Nourishing Your Musculoskeletal System

Discover the crucial role of nutrition in orthopedic health and learn how to optimize your diet for stronger bones, healthier joints, and improved overall well-being. Explore the importance of calcium, vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, protein, and hydration in supporting your

Addressing the Growing Problem of Osteoporosis: A Comprehensive Guide

Osteoporosis is a serious bone disease that can lead to fractures. This blog post provides a comprehensive guide to understanding, preventing, and treating osteoporosis. It covers topics such as the causes of osteoporosis, the symptoms of osteoporosis, the diagnosis of osteoporosis, the treatment

Treating Back Pain: The Best Non-Invasive and Surgical Options

Back pain is a common problem that affects millions of people worldwide. It can be caused by various factors, such as injury, strain, posture, pregnancy, arthritis, osteoporosis, scoliosis, obesity, and more¹. Back pain can interfere with your daily activities and reduce your quality of life

فهم هشاشة العظام المؤقتة في الورك: الأعراض والأسباب والعلاج ( Transient Hip Osteoporosis)

هذا المقال يتحدث عن هشاشة العظام المؤقتة في الورك أو ما يعرف بـ "transient hip osteoporosis" ويوضح الأعراض والأسباب والعلاجات المتاحة لمعالجة هذه الحالة النادرة والمؤلمة.

Ankle Fractures: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Introduction:   An ankle fracture is a break in one or more of the bones that make up the ankle joint. The ankle joint is a hinge joint that allows the foot to move up and down. It is located where the lower leg bones (tibia and fibula) meet the foot bones (talus, navicular, cuboid,

فوائد المشي في علاج هشاشة العظام: كيفية البدء والإرشادات الهامة

فوائد المشي في علاج هشاشة العظام: دليل شامل للبدء والإرشادات الهامة body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0; padding: 0; } h1 { font-size:

"Expert Orthopedic Care in Yemen: Meet Prof. Dr. Mohammad Hutaif"

      Prof. Dr. Mohammad Hutaif offers the best orthopedic care in Yemen. With over 20 years of experience, he is a renowned expert in the field of orthopedic medicine. His website, https://hutaif-orthopedic.com, is an invaluable resource for patients seeking treatment for a

دكتور عظام ومفاصل في صنعاء: الدليل الكامل لخدمات الدكتور محمد هطيف - علاج آلام الظهر، استبدال المفاصل، إصابات الملاعب (+967 774203774)

دكتور عظام صنعاء: الدليل النهائي والشامل لصحة مثالية للعظام والمفاصل مع الأستاذ الدكتور محمد هطيف - خبير جراحة العظام والمفاصل والعمود الفقري الرائد (+967

الطقطقة في الحوض قد تشير إلى تدهور(تنكس ) في عظام الورك

  العوامل التي تؤدي إلى الإصابة بتدهور(تنكس )  عظام الورك: .. ما هي الأعراض التي يسببها تدهور(تنكس )  مفصل الورك؟ .. كيف يمكن معالجة تدهور(تنكس )  عظام

كسور الفقرات الانضغاطية

بالنسبة إلى الكسر الانضِغاطي للعمود الفقري، ينخمص جزء الفقرة الظهرية  على نفسه، ويصبح مهروسًا (منضغطًا) على شكل وتد.   تنجُم معظم الكسور الانضغاطية

كسور الفقرات

ما هُوَ ال#ما هُوَ الكسر الانضغاطي في العمود الفقري؟كسر الانضغاطي في العمود الفقري؟ ما الذي يُسبب الكُسورُ الانضغاطية في العمود الفقري؟ ما هي أعراض الكسر

Lumbar Spine

examination of the lumbar spine may be seen as a continuation of the procedure already described for the cervical and the thoracic spine; the lumbar spine cannot be evaluated in isolation. Abnormalities of the lumbar spine may lead to compensatory or secondary abnormalities in other portions of

knee

    Fig. 10.A.   ANATOMICAL FEATURES   The knee joint (Fig. 10.A) combines three

ankle

      Fig. 12.A   ANATOMICAL FEATURES   The ankle joint is basically a simple hinge joint, normally permitting

hip

DEVELOPMENTAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP (DDH)   This condition occurs in the perinatal period and involves displacement of the femoral head relative to the acetabulum; if untreated it disrupts the normal development of the hip joint which in the long term may lead to joint dysplasia,

thoracic and lumbar spine

    Fig. 8.A   THE SPINE: ANATOMICAL FEATURES   The complex relationships of the

General principles in the examination of a patient with an orthopaedic problem

In practice, the primary area of interest of the orthopaedic surgeon is in the joints of the limbs and spine, and how well they function. The major part of most orthopaedic examinations is therefore centred on the joint that troubles the patient, but the examination must often be extended to

Revision Hip Arthroplasty Case Title: Acetabular Augment for Acetabular Bone Deficiency

Case Title: Acetabular Augment for Acetabular Bone Deficiency     Demographics   Age: 80 years Sex: Female BMI: 27   Relevant Past Medical History   Principal pathologies: Infected THA with femoral and acetabular bone loss. Previous

Primary Hip Arthroplasty Case Title: Resurfacing Primary Hip Arthroplasty

Case Title: Resurfacing Primary Hip Arthroplasty     Demographics   Age: 52 years old Sex: Male BMI: 24.7   Relevant Past Medical History   Principal pathologies: Hypercholesterolemia. Previous

Primary Hip Arthroplasty Case Title: Hybrid Primary Hip Arthroplasty

Case Title: Hybrid Primary Hip Arthroplasty     Demographics   Age: 76 Sex: Female. BMI: 26   Relevant Past Medical History   Principal pathologies: Mild cognitive impairment, osteoporosis and

Primary Hip Arthroplasty Case Title: Bilateral Simultaneous THAs Using Uncemented Monobloc All HXLP Acetabular Components

Advanced osteoarthritis bilaterally. Osteonecrosis and complete obliteration of the joint space on both sides. Bilateral simultaneous THA using monobloc acetabular all poly components (Mathys Vitamys) and ceramic heads

Primary Hip Arthroplasty Case Title: Direct Superior Approach

The skin incision is made 45° backward and upward from the tip of the greater trochanter (Fig. 2.1a). The tip area is divided into thirds, and the incision is made between the 2nd and 3rd thirds (Fig. 2.1b, c). The short rotators are tagged with Ethibond suture size 5 and

Revision total hip arthroplasty

Principles, Planning, and Decision Making       Revision total hip arthroplasty is complex and demanding. The stakes are high. The risks of intraoperative and postoperative complications are increased compared to primary total joint arthroplasty. To maximize the chances

Double-Tapered Primary Stems

  Double-Tapered Primary Stems       INTRODUCTION   Tapered femoral stems can be described by their geometry: single taper, double taper, and triple taper. Single-taper stems have a reduction (taper) in medial-lateral dimension in the frontal plane but

The Tapered Stem

  The Tapered Stem   Cementless fixation in total hip arthroplasty emerged as a result of the perceived need for more durable longterm fixation. Cementless stems have yielded variable results depending on surgical technique, implant, and patient population. Results with tapered

Extensively Coated Stems

  Extensively Coated Stems   In 1983, the Food and Drug Administration approved the first porous-coated femoral implant for use without cement. This implant, the Anatomic Medullary Locking stem (AML, DePuy, Warsaw, IN), was characterized by a circumferentially porous-coated,

Periacetabular Osteotomy and Femoral Osteotomy

  Periacetabular Osteotomy and Femoral Osteotomy       THE BERNESE PERIACETABULAR OSTEOTOMY Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is associated with structural deformity of the acetabulum that creates mechanical dysfunction and has been recognized as a major

Head-Sparing Procedures for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

  Head-Sparing Procedures for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head   INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a disease process that results in impaired blood flow to the hip, which ultimately results in bone cell death. Although

Testable Concepts

Testable Concepts‌ Section 1 Orthopaedic Tissues I.Bone     Question 1 What do Haversian canals carry? Nerves and blood vessels Nutrients Oxygen Carbon dioxide Question 2 What do Volkmann canals do? They carry nerves and blood vessels

Biomaterials and Biomechanics

Basic concepts Definitions Biomechanics—science of forces, internal or external, on the living body Statics—action of forces on rigid bodies in a system in equilibrium Dynamics—bodies that are accelerating and the

Conditions of bone mineral density

Conditions of bone mineral density Bone mass is regulated by rates of deposition and withdrawal (Fig. 1.20). Osteoporosis Age-related decrease in bone mass Usually associated with estrogen loss in postmenopausal women (Fig.

Normal bone metabolism

Normal bone metabolism □ Calcium Helps prevent heterotopic ossification after THA in patients at high risk for this development Incidence of heterotopic ossification after THA among patients with Paget disease is approximately 50%. Important in muscle

Minimally Invasive Anterolateral Approach to the Proximal Humerus: A Step-by-Step Guide

This article provides a detailed step-by-step guide to the minimally invasive anterolateral approach to the proximal humerus. The approach is used for the insertion of intramedullary nails for the treatment of acute humeral shaft fractures, pathologic humeral shaft fractures, and delayed union and

INJURIES ABOUT THE ANKLE

INJURIES ABOUT THE ANKLE         ROTATIONAL ANKLE FRACTURES Epidemiology Population-based studies suggest that the incidence of ankle fractures has increased dramatically since the early 1960s. The highest incidence of ankle fractures

TIBIAL PLATEAU Fractures

TIBIAL PLATEAU Fractures         EPIDEMIOLOGY Tibial plateau fractures constitute 1% of all fractures and 8% of fractures in the elderly. Isolated injuries to the lateral plateau account for 55% to 70% of tibial plateau fractures, as

INTERTROCHANTERIC FRACTURES

INTERTROCHANTERIC FRACTURES             EPIDEMIOLOGY Intertrochanteric fractures account for nearly 50% of all fractures of the proximal femur. There are approximately 150,000 intertrochanteric fractures annually in

FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES

FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES         EPIDEMIOLOGY More than 250,000 hip fractures occur in the United States each year (50% involve the femoral neck). This number is projected to double by the year 2050. Eighty percent occur in women. This

PROXIMAL HUMERUS FRACTURES

PROXIMAL HUMERUS FRACTURES             EPIDEMIOLOGY Proximal humerus fractures comprise 4% to 5% of all fractures and represent the most common humerus fracture (45%). The incidence is 300,000 per year (more common

THORACOLUMBAR SPINE Injuries

THORACOLUMBAR SPINE Injuries       EPIDEMIOLOGY Neurologic injury complicates 15% to 20% of fractures at the thoracolumbar level. Sixty-five

PERIPROSTHETIC FRACTURES

PERIPROSTHETIC FRACTURES       TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY Femoral Shaft Fractures Epidemiology Intraoperative: There is a 0.3% up to 5% incidence overall, including cemented and uncemented

PERIPROSTHETIC FRACTURES

PERIPROSTHETIC FRACTURES         TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY Femoral Shaft Fractures Epidemiology Intraoperative: There is a 0.3% up to 5% incidence overall, including cemented and uncemented components. Postoperative: There

PATHOLOGIC FRACTURES

PATHOLOGIC FRACTURES         DEFINITION A pathologic fracture is one that occurs when the normal integrity and strength of bone have been compromised by invasive disease or destructive processes. Causes include neoplasm (primary tumor or

case 29 subtrochanteric femur fractures

An 84-year-old female presents to her family practice physician with thigh pain for the past 3 months. On further discussion with her in clinic, she states that she has had pain in her thigh for approximately 3 months. She attributes this to beginning a new walking regimen in order to lose weight.

case 26 Sacral insufficiency fractures

A 67-year-old female presents to your clinic with pelvic and groin pain for 5 days after a low-impact fall from sitting height. On examination she has full asymptomatic hip ROM and remains ambulatory with the above symptoms. Radiographs films are negative for fracture, and you decide to send her

OSTEOPOROSIS

  You review a 67-year-old woman in the fracture clinic. She has had a distal radius fracture after a fall. The fracture is in a good position and you have agreed that she will be treated in a cast. She asks if she should be taking something for ‘weak bones’. What advice

Shoulder and Elbow cases chronic dislocation

A 56-year-old male presents to your clinic 2 months after a polytrauma MVA. He was in the ICU, intubated for a week after his initial injury, and has trouble recounting the details of his hospitalization. He does recall being diagnosed with a frozen shoulder. He is currently at a rehabilitation

Shoulder and Elbow cases massive, irreparable rotator cuff tears

A 70-year-old, right-hand-dominant woman presents to clinic with right shoulder pain and weakness. She has had progressive weakness and severe pain with overhead motions for the last several years to the point where she is no longer able to reach overhead. She endures severe night pain as well.

Foot and Ankle cases 30

A 32-year-old, professional ballet dancer presents with right ankle pain. She reports that she has had several severe ankle sprains in the past but denies ankle instability. She localizes the pain to the anterior aspect of the ankle and reports that it is worse with deep knee bends and activities

Foot and Ankle cases 9

A 59-year-old female with a longstanding history of bilateral foot pain presents with a recurrent painful callus on her feet and difficulty with ambulation. She describes a history of multiple orthopaedic surgeries in the past addressing her hands, hip, knee, and spine. Weight-bearing radiographs

Sports Medicine CASES

CASE 1   A 22-year-old, female jogger presents complaining of right knee pain. She describes an insidious onset of her symptoms during the last 3 months. She enjoys running most days and is training for a five-mile road race. Recently, she has been running more and has added hill

FROM 10 TO 28 Sports Medicine CASES

CASE                               10

    CASE                               11

Shoulder and Elbow CASES 1

CASE 1     A 76-year-old, right-hand-dominant man presents to clinic complaining of right shoulder pain. The pain started several months ago, has gotten progressively worse, and is located diffusely over his deltoid region. He has night pain and pain with overhead activity. On

Surgery of the Foot

    Principles of foot and ankle‌‌     Interdigital neuroma   408 arthrodesis‌ 385 Lesser toe

Surgery of the Hand

  Dupuytren’s surgery‌‌   193   Tendon transfers   224 Synovial cyst treatment‌ 201 Soft tissue

Surgery of the Hip

Surgery of the Hip       Primary total hip arthroplasty 239‌‌ Revision total hip arthroplasty 255‌ Hip resurfacing 262‌ Hip arthrodesis 264‌ Excision hip

Surgery of the Knee

  Primary total knee replacement‌‌   279   Distal femoral osteotomy   309 Revision total knee replacement‌ 293 Proximal tibial

Periprosthetic Fractures After Total Hip Arthroplasty

Introduction                        Total hip replacement is extremely effective in relieving pain and restoring function in the diseased hip and is the second most common elective

Early Total Hip Replacement After Fractures of the Acetabulum

Introduction                        Total hip replacement is an important option in the management of sequelae following fractures of the acetabulum to relieve pain and restore function.

Total Hip Arthroplasty in Acute Acetabular Fractures Using Octopus System

Introduction                        The acetabular fractures are the result of significant trauma. The anatomic location as well as the complexity of the three-dimensional structure make

Hip Arthroplasty in Proximal Femoral Fracture

Introduction                        Hip fractures in the elderly are associated with impaired mobility, excess morbidity and mortality, and loss of independence. With the trend towards

Total Hip Arthroplasty in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Introduction                        Juvenile chronic arthritis was first described by George Still in 1897 to be separate from adult rheumatoid arthritis.1 The International League

Total Hip Replacement for Protrusio Acetabuli

Introduction                        Protrusio acetabuli, also known as arthrokatadysis, was first described by the German pathologist Otto1 in 1824 as a result of remodeling of

The Collum Femoris Preserving (CFP) Prosthesis in Primary Total Hip Replacement

Introduction                        For the possible concept of anatomical primary hip replacement various types of prosthesis have been described within the last decades. One possible

Technique of Modular Stem: S-ROM

History                          The S-ROM stem was developed by Hugh Cameron taking some ideas from the Sivash hip prosthesis. This was developed in Russia in 1956 by

THA Using the NANOS Neck Preserving Stem Through an Anterolateral MIS Approach

Introduction                        Facing increasing life expectancy and numbers of young and active patients undergoing joint replacement, revisions after total hip replacement later

Silent Hip

Introduction                        Short stem femoral implants are rapidly gaining importance because an increasing numbers of young patients require joint replacement and hip

Metal on Metal Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty Via Modified Enhanced Posterior Soft Tissue Repair

Introduction                        Metal on metal hip resurfacing (MOMHR) has regained popularity in the last decade as an alternative to total hip arthroplasty (THA) especially for

Soft Tissue Balancing in Total Hip Replacement

Introduction                        The soft tissue envelope that surrounds the hip acts as a constraint that prevents the femoral head from subluxating or dislocating out of the

Implant Selection in Total Hip Arthroplasty

  Implant selection in total hip arthroplasty is the prerogative of the operating surgeon and is usually based on patient age, bone quality, local anatomy, experience of the surgeon and scientific evidence. The ideal implant must achieve adequate fixation both in short and long term, must

Preoperative Planning in Primary Total Hip Replacement

Introduction                        Total hip replacement (THR) is widely considered as one of the most successful orthopedic procedures in terms of quality of life and

The HINTEGRA Total Ankle Arthroplasty

DEFINITION The HINTEGRA Total Ankle Prosthesis (Integra LifeSciences Corp., Plainsboro, NJ) is an unconstrained, three-component system that provides inversion-eversion stability (FIG 1). Axial rotation and normal flexion-extension mobility are provided by a mobile-bearing

Supramalleolar Osteotomy with Internal Fixation: Perspective 2

DEFINITION A supramalleolar osteotomy is an osteotomy at the level of the distal tibia with or without osteotomy of the fibula. The correction is intended to normalize altered load distribution across the joint and may be indicated in cases of asymmetric osteoarthritis, malunited fractures of

Surgical Stabilization of Nonplantigrade Charcot Arthropathy of the Midfoot

DEFINITION Charcot foot arthropathy is an inflammatory disease process that primarily affects the foot and ankle of patients with long-standing diabetes (10-plus years) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PN).3,4,7,24 The destructive inflammatory process often leads to bone destruction and

First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis: Perspective 2

DEFINITION The term hallux rigidus refers to a painful condition of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint of the great toe that is characterized by restricted motion (mainly dorsiflexion) and periarticular bone formation. The basic pathologic entity is that of degenerative

Revision Hallux Valgus Correction

DEFINITION Recurrent hallux valgus is a partial or complete return of valgus deformity at the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint after surgical correction. Metatarsus primus varus is an increase in the 1-2 intermetatarsal angle due to obliquity or hypermobility of the first tarsometatarsal

Ludloff Osteotomy

DEFINITION Symptomatic hallux valgus associated with a first intermetatarsal angle greater than 15 degrees is typically corrected with a proximal first metatarsal osteotomy and distal soft tissue procedure when nonoperative treatment fails. Multiple techniques for the hallux valgus deformity

Biplanar Distal Chevron Osteotomy

DEFINITION Hallux valgus is a common condition that can affect both adults and adolescents.2,7 Patients complain of pain and restriction with activities of daily living because of the lateral deviation of the great toe, the medial deviation of the first metatarsal, and the onset of

Revision Cervical Surgery

DEFINITION In recent years, the number of patients undergoing cervical spine surgery has risen dramatically. Cervical spine surgery is used to treat a number of common spinal pathologies including the following: Cervical spinal stenosis Deformity Disc herniation Myelopathy

Sacropelvic Fixation Techniques

DEFINITION Sacropelvic fixation is a term used to describe instrumentation into the sacrum and pelvis. The most common indication is a long spinal fusion to the sacrum. Other indications include high-grade spondylolisthesis, flat back syndrome requiring corrective osteotomy, and correction of

Vertebral Column Resection for Severe Rigid Spinal Deformity through an All Posterior Approach

DEFINITION Posterior vertebral column resection (VCR) entails the removal of the anterior, middle, and posterior columns of the vertebra(e) through a posterior-alone approach. VCR is often performed at the apex of a deformity for severe, rigid scoliotic and kyphotic spinal

Smith-Petersen Osteotomy and Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy

DEFINITION Smith-Petersen osteotomy (SPO) is a chevron resection of the posterior elements that shorten the posterior column and lengthen the anterior column upon closure (FIG 1A). The chevron osteotomy is called a Smith-Petersen osteotomy if performed through a prior fusion or

Adult Scoliosis

DEFINITION Adult scoliosis is a coronal deformity of the spine, typically also involving axial and sagittal plane abnormalities. Adult scoliosis can be categorized by patient presentation.11 One group, predominantly defined by lumbar stenosis and neurogenic claudication with degenerative

Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion

DEFINITION Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS TLIF) is a modification of the Wiltse exposure for decompression and interbody fusion of the motion segment using specialized retractor and instrumentation systems and fluoroscopic guidance to minimize the surgical

Anterior Thoracic Corpectomy

DEFINITION Anterior thoracic approaches provide a means of decompression, stabilization, and fusion for a variety of spinal pathologies, such as deformity, trauma, infection, tumors, and disc herniations.     ANATOMY   The thoracic vertebral bodies are heart-shaped

Transforaminal and Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion

DEFINITION Several arthrodesis techniques are available to address the various pathologic processes in the lumbar spine. The standard lumbar arthrodesis techniques include the following: Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) Posterior spinal fusion (PSF), which includes two

Reduction Techniques for Cervical Fractures and Dislocations

BACKGROUND Cervical spine fractures are seen in approximately 5% of trauma patients being evaluated at level I trauma centers.   Dislocations and displaced fractures require reduction and frequently surgical stabilization.   This chapter focuses on the cervical fractures

Cervical Osteotomies for Kyphosis

DEFINITION The precise definition of cervical kyphosis is not clearly described. Normal alignment from C2 to C7 in the sagittal plane is approximately 20 degrees of lordosis.     ANATOMY   With normal alignment, the load bearing axis of the cervical spine lies in

Cervical Disc Replacement

ANATOMY     Familiarity with the anterior cervical anatomy is a necessity, particularly in regard to muscular, fascial, vascular, aerodigestive, nervous, and bony structures (FIG 1).   Approach level can be estimated by overlying

Posterior Cervical Fusion with Instrumentation

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT     Operative intervention in the posterior subaxial cervical spine is frequently carried out for decompression or stabilization.     Fusion and instrumentation of the posterior cervical spine may be required for unstable fractures or after

Spine Orthopedic MCQS online Bank

(SAE08OS.6) Figures 2a and 2b show the radiograph and MRI scan of a 56-year-old woman who has low back pain and right leg pain. She has grade 3/5 toe and ankle dorsiflexion strength on the right side. Nonsurgical management has failed to provide relief; therefore, surgery should include Review

BASIC SCIENCE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK

What assay is commonly used to examine the level of messenger RNA (mRNA) of a particular gene?    Western blot Southern blot Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) Immunocytochemical analysis Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Trauma Orthopedic MCQS online Bank

(OBQ14.208) When treating a proximal tibia fracture, the surgeon decides to (1) use blocking screws in the proximal fragment, and (2) pick the intramedullary nail based on the location of the Herzog curve. Which of the following combinations will best prevent the classic deformity associated with

Sport Orthopedics Mcqs online Bank

(SAE12SN.35) What is the most commonly involved level for brachial plexus stretch injuries or "stingers" in younger athletes involved in collision sports? Review Topic   1 C3-4 2 C4-5 3 C5-6 4 C6-7 5 C7-T1   PREFERRED

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Fractures of the Proximal Ulna

DEFINITION Fracture of the olecranon process is common, usually displaced, and nearly always treated operatively. Important injury characteristics include displacement, comminution, and subluxation or dislocation of the elbow, and all are accounted for in the Mayo classification (FIG

Radial Head Replacement

DEFINITION Radial head fractures are the most common fracture of the elbow and usually can be managed either nonoperatively or with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).12 Radial head arthroplasty is indicated for unreconstructable displaced radial head fractures with an associated

Intramedullary Fixation of Humeral Shaft Fractures

r       DEFINITION Incidence: 3% to 5% of all fractures12 The AO/ASIF classification of humeral shaft fractures is based on increasing fracture comminution and is divided into three types according to the contact between the two

Hemiarthroplasty for Proximal Humerus Fractures

DEFINITION Proximal humerus fractures involve isolated or combined injuries to the greater tuberosity, lesser tuberosity, articular segment, and proximal humeral shaft. Overall, proximal humerus fractures account for 4% to 5% of all

Intramedullary Fixation of Proximal Humerus Fractures

DEFINITION Fractures of the proximal humerus can be two, three, or four part according to the Neer classification (FIG 1). Fifty percent to 80% of proximal humerus fractures are nondisplaced or minimally displaced and stable.A short period of immobilization in neutral rotation to avoid

Femoral Stem Revision: Posterior Approach

Controversies We prefer the posterior approach, irrespective of the previous approach(s). In revision of a previous lateral approach, it avoids further damage to the gluteus medius and minimus, which have often not healed (see Fig. 2). It allows extensile exposure of

Cementless Fixation

P ITFALLS Osteoporosis   Cementless Fixation   Indications Tricompartmental arthritis of the knee that has failed nonoperative measures Controversies Weight and inflammatory arthritis are not contraindications to cementless

Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty

P ITFALLS Renal dysfunction: the lack of metal ion clearance by the impaired kidney may predispose these patients to the possible carcinogenic effects of increased serum metal ion concentrations.   Severe hip dysplasia (Crowe classes III and IV): bony acetabular

Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty with Femoral Bone Loss: Distal Femoral Replacement

DEFINITION During revision of the femoral component in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), some bone loss from the distal femur is nearly inevitable when the femoral component is removed. Distal femoral bone loss can be repaired by bone cement (polymethylmethacrylate), metal augments fixed to the

Proximal Femoral Osteotomy

DEFINITION Varus intertrochanteric osteotomy involves the reorientation of the proximal femur in order to improve femoral head coverage and joint congruency. It may serve either as a reconstruction or salvage operation. Varus intertrochanteric osteotomy may be beneficial in treating the

Hemiarthroplasty of the Hip

DEFINITION Femoral neck fractures are classified according to the Garden classification (Table 1).9 This classification divides these fractures into displaced or nondisplaced fractures. Guidelines for treatment of nondisplaced femoral neck fractures are beyond the scope of this

Total Hip Arthroplasty for Malignant Lesions

DEFINITION Metastatic bone disease (MBD) afflicts more than half of the 1.2 million patients newly diagnosed with cancer annually.4,8 Bony involvement can be a major source of morbidity and mortality if not treated appropriately. The femur is the long bone most commonly affected, with 25%

Hip Resurfacing

DEFINITION Hip resurfacing is a surgical procedure whereby the femoral head is preserved and a component (mostly metal) is placed like a cap on the femoral head. The acetabular component is also a monolithic piece made of metal. Hip resurfacing offers the advantage that femoral bone can be

Cemented Total Hip Arthroplasty

DEFINITION For the past 50 years, cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been a highly successful surgical solution for end-stage hip disease. Although cementless fixation has grown in popularity and now dominates North American practice, cemented THA remains an evidence-based and

Prevention of Complications in Total Hip Arthroplasty

DEFINITION Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is successfully performed around the world for the treatment of arthritis, osteonecrosis, and femoral neck fracture, with predictably excellent results. The criteria for successful THA are no different today than they were 50 years ago: The procedure

Basics of Total Hip Arthroplasty: The Preoperative Patient Evaluation

DEFINITION Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most successful operations performed today.3 This elective procedure provides significant pain relief and improved functional status to millions of patients globally every year. Due to its elective nature, careful preoperative

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Bicondylar Plateau Fractures

DEFINITION Bicondylar tibial plateau fractures involve both medial and lateral tibia plateaus. Schatzker type V and type VI fractures are both considered bicondylar fractures. Schatzker type V fractures (FIG 1A,B) involve both condyles without complete dissociation from the shaft and are

Antegrade Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur

DEFINITION A femoral shaft fracture is any fracture of the femoral diaphysis from 5 cm below the lesser trochanter to within 6 to 8 cm of the distal femoral articular surface. Some fracture lines extend proximal or distal to the shaft and are therefore not considered shaft fractures. This

Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur

DEFINITION Retrograde femoral nailing can be defined as any femoral nailing technique with a distal entry from the condyles or through an intercondylar, intra-articular starting point. For this chapter, retrograde femoral nailing will refer to nails with an intercondylar starting

Fixation of Periprosthetic Fractures Above Total Knee Arthroplasty

DEFINITION Fractures that occur above or around the femoral component of a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The rates of periprosthetic fractures for TKA vary. The incidence is reported to be 0.3% to 5.5% after primary TKA and up to 30% after revision

Fixation of Periprosthetic Fractures About/Below Total Hip Arthroplasty

DEFINITION Periprosthetic fractures about a total hip arthroplasty are fractures which occur in the femur or acetabulum adjacent to either the femoral or acetabular component, respectively. These fractures can occur intraoperatively or postoperatively. The focus of this chapter will be

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Peritrochanteric Hip Fractures

DEFINITION Peritrochanteric hip fractures are defined as extracapsular hip fractures, always involving the trochanter and frequently with extension into the subtrochanteric region. Medicare data indicates that as management of osteoporosis has improved, individual risk of sustaining a

Cephalomedullary Nailing of the Proximal Femur

DEFINITION Fractures of the proximal femur are usually grouped into four major types reflecting differences in the anatomic and physiologic character of these regions: Femoral head fractures Intracapsular femoral neck fractures Pertrochanteric fractures (also referred to

Radial Head Replacement

DEFINITION Radial head fractures are the most common fracture of the elbow and usually can be managed either nonoperatively or with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).12 Radial head arthroplasty is indicated for unreconstructable displaced radial head fractures with an associated

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Fractures of the Proximal Ulna

DEFINITION Fracture of the olecranon process is common, usually displaced, and nearly always treated operatively. Important injury characteristics include displacement, comminution, and subluxation or dislocation of the elbow, and all are accounted for in the Mayo classification (FIG

Intramedullary Fixation of Humeral Shaft Fractures

r       DEFINITION Incidence: 3% to 5% of all fractures12 The AO/ASIF classification of humeral shaft fractures is based on increasing fracture comminution and is divided into three types according to the contact between the two

Intramedullary Fixation of Proximal Humerus Fractures

DEFINITION Fractures of the proximal humerus can be two, three, or four part according to the Neer classification (FIG 1). Fifty percent to 80% of proximal humerus fractures are nondisplaced or minimally displaced and stable.A short period of immobilization in neutral rotation to avoid

Hemiarthroplasty for Proximal Humerus Fractures

DEFINITION Proximal humerus fractures involve isolated or combined injuries to the greater tuberosity, lesser tuberosity, articular segment, and proximal humeral shaft. Overall, proximal humerus fractures account for 4% to 5% of all

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Ulnar Styloid, Head, and Metadiaphyseal Fractures

DEFINITION The distal ulna is the fixed point7 around which the radius and the hand function ( FIG 1A). Fractures of the distal ulna are often inadequately treated in comparison to its larger counterpart, the radius (FIG 1B,C). Recent literature has devoted increased attention to

Fragment-Specific Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures

f       DEFINITION Fragment-specific fixation is a treatment approach for complex articular fracture patterns characterized by independent fixation of each major fracture component with an implant specific for that

Intramedullary and Dorsal Plate Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures

DEFINITION Distal radius fractures typically originate in the radial metaphysis and occasionally enter the radiocarpal joint and distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). These fractures may be stable or unstable, intra-articular or extra-articular, and have significant incidences of associated bony

Intramedullary and Dorsal Plate Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures

DEFINITION Distal radius fractures typically originate in the radial metaphysis and occasionally enter the radiocarpal joint and distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). These fractures may be stable or unstable, intra-articular or extra-articular, and have significant incidences of associated bony

Arthroscopic Reduction and Fixation of Distal Radius and Ulnar Styloid Fractures

DEFINITION A bimodal age distribution exists for patients with distal radius fractures (ie, young adults vs. elderly persons), and they frequently have a different mechanism of injury. Patients 65 years of age or older have an annual incidence of 8 to 10 fractures of the distal radius per

Volar Plating of Distal Radius Fractures

DEFINITION Distal radius fractures are defined by their involvement of the metaphysis of the distal radius. They are assessed on the basis of fracture pattern, alignment, and stability: Articular versus nonarticular Reducible versus irreducible Stable versus unstable Irreducible or

K-Wire Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures with and without External Fixation

a       DEFINITION Distal radius fractures occur at the distal end of the bone, originating in the metaphyseal region and often extending to the radiocarpal and distal radioulnar joints (DRUJ). Distal radius fractures can be

Complete Wrist Arthrodesis

  DEFINITION Wrist arthritis occurs when the codependent joints of the wrist lose the ability to rotate normally around one another, thereby impairing wrist kinematics. Wrist arthritis can originate from many causes including osteoarthritis, degenerative arthritis, and inflammatory

Volar Plating of Distal Radius Fractures

  Volar Plating of Distal Radius Fractures       DEFINITION Distal radius fractures are defined by their involvement of the metaphysis of the distal radius. They are assessed on the basis of fracture pattern, alignment, and stability: Articular versus

Intramedullary and Dorsal Plate Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures

  Intramedullary and Dorsal Plate Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures         DEFINITION Distal radius fractures typically originate in the radial metaphysis and occasionally enter the radiocarpal joint and distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). These

Fragment-Specific Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures

  Fragment-Specific Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures           DEFINITION Fragment-specific fixation is a treatment approach for complex articular fracture patterns characterized by

Arthroscopic Reduction and Fixation of Distal Radius and Ulnar Styloid Fractures

  Arthroscopic Reduction and Fixation of Distal Radius and Ulnar Styloid Fractures         DEFINITION A bimodal age distribution exists for patients with distal radius fractures (ie, young adults vs. elderly persons), and they frequently have a

K-Wire Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures with and without External Fixation

  K-Wire Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures with and without External Fixation             DEFINITION Distal radius fractures occur at the distal end of the bone, originating in the metaphyseal

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Ulnar Styloid, Head, and Metadiaphyseal Fractures

  Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Ulnar Styloid, Head, and Metadiaphyseal Fractures       DEFINITION The distal ulna is the fixed point7 around which the radius and the hand function (FIG 1A). Fractures of the distal ulna are often inadequately

Fractures of the Proximal Ulna

Fractures of the Proximal Ulna   Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Fractures of the Proximal Ulna         DEFINITION Fracture of the olecranon process is common, usually displaced, and nearly always treated operatively. Important injury

Radial Head Replacement

  Radial Head Replacement         DEFINITION Radial head fractures are the most common fracture of the elbow and usually can be managed either nonoperatively or with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).12 Radial head arthroplasty is indicated

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H3D

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H3D 3930. (3857) Q9-7640: Which of the following describes the histologic appearance of a schwannoma:   1) Herringbone pattern of fibroblasts and collagen 3) Storiform pattern of spindle cells and giant cells 2) Areas of cellular twisted

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2E

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2E The diagnosis of chronic exertional compartment syndrome is confirmed by measuring a resting pressure of more than    mm Hg, 1-minute postexercise pressure of more than    mm Hg, or a 5-minute postexercise pressure

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2D

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2D 2685. (3157) Q6-3976: Which of the following serves as the best landmark for proper screw entry into the lumbar pedicle:   1) The junction of the transverse process and inferior facet 3) The articulating interface of the superior and

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2C

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2C 2379. (3838) Q5-7621: An 18-month-old patient is suspected of X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets. The clinical findings are most likely to include all of the following except:   1) Below average stature 3) Dental abscesses or caries 2)

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2B

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2A 2072. (2226) Q5-2654: The protein neurofibromin normally acts in which of the following ways:   1) Inhibits fibroblast growth factor 3) Downregulates Ras protein 2) Promotes proteoglycan assembly 5) Promotes tumor formation 4)

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H1E

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H1E 1411. (1764) Q4-2162: All of the following are characteristic of hemangiomas except:   1) 70% of hemangiomas are visible by 4 weeks of age 3) Hemangiomas are three times more common in woman than men 2) 70% of hemangiomas regress by 7

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H1D

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H1D Which of the following is a significant risk factor for a motor nerve palsy following a primary hip replacement:   1) Age <50 years 3) Prior hip surgery 2) Female sex 5) Developmental dysplasia 4) Body mass index

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H1C

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H1C Which of the following fractures occurs through a single application of force: 1) A minimally displaced femoral neck fracture in a long distance runner 3) A fifth rib fracture in a collegiate rower 2) A second metatarsal fracture in a Naval Academy

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H1A

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK  HIA         Slide 1 What is the most likely mechanism of failure for the patellar component shown:   1) Fatigue 3) Tension 2) Shear 5) Delamination 4)

Vertebral Column Resection for Severe Rigid Spinal Deformity through an All Posterior Approach

  Vertebral Column Resection for Severe Rigid Spinal Deformity through an All Posterior Approach       DEFINITION Posterior vertebral column resection (VCR) entails the removal of the anterior, middle, and posterior columns of the vertebra(e) through a

Pelvic Fixation for Neuromuscular Scoliosis

  Pelvic Fixation for Neuromuscular Scoliosis       DEFINITION Neuromuscular scoliosis (NMS) is a spinal deformity in the coronal plane in patients with abnormal myoneural pathways of the body.16 Pelvic fixation refers to the anchorage of spinal fixation to

Multiple Percutaneous Osteotomies and Fassier-Duval Telescoping Nailing of Long Bones in Osteogenesis Imperfecta

  Multiple Percutaneous Osteotomies and Fassier-Duval Telescoping Nailing of Long Bones in Osteogenesis Imperfecta   r   DEFINITION Children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and syndromes with congenital brittle bones sustain recurrent fractures and deformity,

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK

(OBQ04.118) What muscles are responsible for the most common deformity after antegrade intramedullary nailing for a subtrochanteric femur fracture?           Hip

Volar Plating of Distal Radius Fractures

Volar Plating of Distal Radius Fractures   Volar Plating of Distal Radius Fractures       DEFINITION Distal radius fractures are defined by their involvement of the metaphysis of the distal radius. They are assessed on the basis of fracture pattern,

ARAB BOARD ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK

ARAB BOARD ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK  PREFACE   Much effort has been put in this book, as every question was reviewed, analyzed and evaluated concerning the benefit, and information given to the student or Orthopedic Resident, that would allow one to realize his weak

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE23

Orthopedics MCQS ONLINE OITE23 1.03 What is the most common complication associated with surgical fixation of a transverse midshaft humeral fracture using antegrade statically locked medullary nail?   Infection Radial nerve palsy Brachial artery injury during

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OITE 1213 1A

 ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 1213     2013 & 2012 OITE Study Guide © 2012 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2012 Orthopaedic In-Training

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 22

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 22 FOR OITE 22 FIGURES CLICK OITE22FIG 02.1 answer back A 30-year-old patient sustains an isolated type II open femoral shaft fracture. In addition to irrigation and debridement, management should include 1- skeletal traction. 2-

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 21

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK ONLINE OITE 21   For  OITE 21 FIGURES CLICK OITE21FIG 01.1 A 49-year-old man has a persistent Trendelenburg gait after undergoing open reduction and internal fixation of a posterior wall acetabular fracture 6 months ago. The radiographs reveal a normal

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 20

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 20   For OITE 20 FIGURE CLICK  OITE 20 FIGURES  00.1 A 25-year-old man sustains the injury shown in the radiographs in Figures 1A and 1B. Examination reveals that he is neurovascularly intact, and there is a transverse 3-cm open medial

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 97

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 97 97.1 A 55-year-old woman reports a spontaneous onset of severe pain in her ribs. AP and lateral chest radiographs show severe osteopenia, two rib fractures, and three vertebral compression fractures. Laboratory studies show a hemoglobin level of 9.0

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK OITE 96

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK OITE 96 96.1 A 4‑year‑old girl has had increasing left hip pain over the past 48 hours and has stopped walking. Her temperature is 38°C (100.4°F). Hip range of motion is limited. Aspiration of the hip reveals a WBC of 68,000/mm' and

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK OITE 99

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK OUTE 99 99.1 Examination of a 60-year-old man who has a painful flatfoot deformity reveals no demonstrable function of the posterior tibial tendon. Neither the hindfoot valgus nor the forefoot pronation is passively correctable, and management consisting of shoe

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK OITE98

Orthopaedic In-Training Exam 1998   Question 1 - A patient has a grade 2 open tibial fracture with 70% cross sectional bone loss that extends 2 cm in length. Treatment consists of stabilization with a nonreamed interlocking nail and successful secondary wound closure. Four months

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB SPINE

SPINE A 79-year old man falls sustaining a hyperextension injury to his neck. A lateral radiograph, CT scan and MRI are seen in Figures A through C. On motor examination, he has 3/5 strength in his deltoids, elbow and wrist flexors and extensors. He has 4/5 strength in his hip flexors,

Multiple Percutaneous Osteotomies and Fassier-Duval Telescoping Nailing of Long Bones in Osteogenesis Imperfecta

    Chapter 37 Multiple Percutaneous Osteotomies and Fassier-Duval Telescoping Nailing of Long Bones in Osteogenesis Imperfecta   Paul W. Esposito   DEFINITION Children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and syndromes with congenital brittle

Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty With Femoral Bone Loss: Distal Femoral Replacement

    Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty With Femoral Bone Loss: Distal Femoral Replacement   DEFINITION During revision of the femoral component in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), bone loss from the distal femur is nearly inevitable. Deficient bone in the

Femoral Osteotomy

      DEFINITION This chapter focuses on the use of intertrochanteric adduction (varus) osteotomy to reorient the proximal femur to improve femoral head coverage and hip joint congruency. Clinical conditions that constitute good indications for this operative

Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty With Femoral Bone Loss: Fluted Stems

      DEFINITION A fluted stem can be used to revise a loose femoral implant with one or more of the following: Cavitary or segmental defects Femoral malalignment Periprosthetic fracture Stress-shielded or sclerotic bone

Total Hip Arthroplasty for Malignant Lesions

  DEFINITION Metastatic bone disease (MBD) afflicts more than half of the 1.2 million patients newly diagnosed with cancer annually.3,5 Bony involvement can be a major source of morbidity and mortality if not treated appropriately. The femur is the long

Hemiarthroplasty of the Hip

    Hemiarthroplasty of the Hip   Hari P. Bezwada, Robert H. Cho, and David G. Nazarian   DEFINITION Femoral neck fractures are classified according to the Garden classification11 (Table 1). Further simplification of this

Hip Resurfacing

      DEFINITION Surface replacement is a significant development in the evolution of hip arthroplasty. Hip resurfacing is based on the premise that femoral bone can be preserved. The femoral head is “resurfaced” by insertion of a

Cemented Total Hip Arthroplasty

      DEFINITION For the past 40 years, cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been the most successful surgical solution for end-stage hip disease. Cemented THA is appropriate for treatment of hip pathology caused by a variety of degenerative,

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of the Pilon

      DEFINITION In orthopedic surgery, the terms pilon and plafond have been loosely translated and interchangeably used to describe the weight-bearing portion of the distal tibial articular surface. These injuries account for about 1%

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of the Bicondylar Plateau

    DEFINITION Bicondylar tibial plateau fractures involve both medial and lateral plateaus. Schatzker type 5 fractures (FIG 1A,B) involve both condyles without complete dissociation from the shaft. Thus, a portion of the joint is still attached to the shaft. They

Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur

  Chapter 9 Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur   Laura S. Phieffer and Ronald Lakatos   DEFINITION Retrograde femoral nailing can be defined as any femoral nailing technique with a distal entry from the condyles or through an

Anterograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur

  Chapter 10 Anterograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur   Bruce H. Ziran, Natalie L. Talboo, and Navid M. Ziran   DEFINITION A femoral shaft fracture is any fracture of the femoral diaphysis from 5 cm below the lesser trochanter to within 6 to 8

Cephalomedullary Nailing of the Proximal Femur

Cephalomedullary Nailing of the Proximal Femur The proximal femur has a variety of fractures that can occur. While some can be managed with minimal damage, others can have very serious and longterm consequences. The Cephalomedullary nail is a surgical procedure that has been shown to be

Anterograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur

Anterograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur Anterograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur DEFINITION A femoral shaft fracture is any fracture of the femoral diaphysis from 5 cm below the lesser trochanter to within 6 to 8 cm of the distal femoral articular surface. Some

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 RECONSTRUCTION 1D

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 1D RECONSTRUCTION  A 77-year-old man who had right total knee replacement surgery 2½ years ago has had knee pain since surgery. The pain is diffuse, constant, and made worse with activity. He notes warmth and swelling in his knee. Examination shows

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ADULT RECONSTRUCTIVE OB 20 1C

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE RECON OB 20 1C               2020   A 72-year-old female presents with progressive left thigh and knee pain for the last year. 5 years ago she

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 2B RECONSTRUCTION

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 2B RECONSTRUCTION  156) A 66-year-old male undergoes the procedure shown in figures A and B. After 4 years, he develops progressive pain and limitations in his daily function that is refractory to conservative measures. He is indicated for conversion to a

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 RECONSTRUCTION 1A

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 2A RECONSTRUCTION  OrthoCash 2020   A 65-year-old woman with painful knee arthritis and the deformity seen in Figure A, is scheduled to undergo a total knee arthroplasty. All the following are risk factors for a post-operative peroneal palsy

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 TRAUMA 2V

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 TRAUMA 2C week of indomethacin followed by 5 weeks of placebo, and (4) 6 weeks of indomethacin and followed for 1 year. The authors concluded that the use of prophylactic postoperative indomethacin increases the incidence of symptomatic nonunion of the PW as assessed

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 TRAUMA 2B

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 TRAUMA  2B CT angiography and admit the patient for hourly neurovascular checks Interventional radiology consult for formal angiography and stenting Corrent answer: 2 This patient has a posterior knee dislocation with an ischemic limb

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 20 OB TRAUMA 2A

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 TRAUMA  2A OrthoCash 2020   A 25 year-old-male presents with the injury seen in Figure A. Which of the following would be a contraindication to closed management with a functional

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 20 OB TRAUMA 1D

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 20 OB TRAUMA 1D   fractures is associated with decreased shoulder strength and increased nonunion rates. Risk factors for non-union in non-operative management of midshaft clavicle fractures include advanced age, female gender, displacement and comminution. Open

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS 20 OB TRAUMA 1C

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 20 OB TRAUMA 1C   Figure A Buttress plating is most appropriate in which of the following clinical

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS 20 OB TRAUMA 1B

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 20 OB TRAUMA 1B     Deep peroneal nerve, sural nerve Deep peroneal nerve, tibial nerve Superficial and deep peroneal nerves Superficial peroneal nerve, tibial nerve There is no true internervous

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS 20OB TRAUMA 1A

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS 20 TRAUMA 1A     What percentage of patients will complain of knee pain at the time of union of a tibial shaft fracture treated with a reamed intramedullary nail? 1. <10% 2. 10-33% 3. 33-50% 4. 50-75% 5. >75%   Correct

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS 010 ONLINE

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS 010 ONLINE  Your Source for Lifelong Orthopaedic Learning   Question 1 What is the most common maxillofacial/dental injury in ice hockey? Temporomandibular   Lip laceration Tooth avulsion Crown fracture Mandible

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS 010 Adult Reconstructive Surgery of the Hip and Knee Examination 7

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS  010 Adult Reconstructive Surgery of the Hip and Knee Examination 7 2010 Adult Reconstructive Surgery of the Hip and Knee Examination Answer Book • 7   Question 1 During the course of a revision total knee arthroplasty via a medial parapatellar exposure,

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 011 RECONSTRUCTION

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS  011 Reconstruction  Online 2011 Orthopaedic Self-Assessment Examination by Dr.Dhahirortho     1         Question 1Which of the following methods of

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 011 PATHOLOGY

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS  011 PATHOLOGY  2011 Musculoskeletal Tumors Self-Assessment Exam by Dr.Dhahirortho     1       Question 1 A 30-year-old man has a

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS 011 ANATOMY IMAGING

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS O11  ANATOMY  IMAGING  Online 2011 Anatomy-Imaging Self-Assessment Examination by Dr.Dhahirortho     1       Q 1 1a 1b 1c 1d 1e A 43-year-old

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS O11 UPPER EXTREMITY

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS  011 UPPER EXTREMITY  2011 Upper Extremity Self-Assessment Exam by Dr.Dhahirortho     1       Question 1A 23-year-old patient with

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 012 SPINE

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 012 SPINE    1           Question 1A 56-year-old man has a chief complaint of leg weakness and

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 012 TRAUMA

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE  012 TRAUMA   2012 Musculoskeletal Trauma Self-Assessment Examination by

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 013 BASIC

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 013 BASIC  2013 Orthopaedic Basic Science Self-Assessment Examination by Dr.Dhahirortho     1       Question 1A 70-year-old man is experiencing neck pain, progressive

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 014 ANATOMY IMAGING

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 014 ANATOMY IMAGING  Anatomy Imaging Self-Assessment Examination   AHMED

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 014 UPPER EXTREMITY

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 014 UPPER EXTREMITY  Shoulder and Elbow Self-Assessment Examination AAOS 2014 by                          Dr.Dhahirortho

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 015 TRAUMA

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 015 TRAUMA    CLINICAL SITUATION FOR QUESTIONS 1 THROUGH 3   1a 1b   Figures 1a and 1b are the radiographs of a

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 015 FOOT AND ANKLE e

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 015FOOT and Ankle        CLINICAL SITUATION FOR QUESTIONS 1 THROUGH 4   A B   Figures 1a and 1b are the radiographs of a

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 015Spine

  ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE SPINE    CLINICAL SITUATION FOR QUESTIONS 1 THROUGH

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE PEDIATRIC 016

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE PEDIATRIC 016     2016Pediatric Orthopaedic Self-Assessment Examination   Question 1 of 100 Second-impact syndrome following a concussion poses minimal concern for morbidity or mortality. is less

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE RECONSTRUCTION 016

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE RECONSTRUCTION 016           NEW 2016 Adult Reconstructive Surgery of the Hip and Knee Self-Assessment Examination للاب

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE PATHOLOGY 017

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE PATHOLOGY 017   MUSCULOSKELETAL TUMORS AND DISEASES SELF-SCORED SELF-ASSESSMENT EXAMINATION AAOS

Orthopedic MCQS online Shoulder and Elbow 017

Orthopedic MCQS online Shoulder and Elbow 017   SHOULDER AND ELBOW SELF- SCORED SELF-ASSESSMENT EXAMINATION AAOS

Orthopedic MCQS online Anatomy 017

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE ANATOMY 017   ANATOMY-IMAGING SELF- SCORED SELF-ASSESSMENT EXAMINATION AAOS

Orthopedic MCQS online Basic 018

Orthopedic MCQS online Basic 018   AAOS BASIC SCIENCE self Assessment 2018     Question 1 of 100 In the context of joint arthroplasty, the alpha-defensin immunoassay test is useful for the detection of aseptic loosening. metal

Orthopedic MCQS online Spine 0018

Orthopedic MCQS online Spine 0018   AAOS Adult spine self Assessment 2018   Question 1 of 100 When compared with posterior decompression and fusion, the addition of an interbody fusion for the treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis and stenosis has been shown

Orthopedic MCQS Trauma 0018

Orthopedic MCQS online Trauma 0018 AAOS TRAUMA self Assessment 2018     Question 1 of 100 A 32-year-old man has a closed mid-shaft spiral humeral fracture after a fall. After a discussion of his treatment options, he wants to proceed with surgical management. When

Orthopedic MCQS RECON0019

Orthopedic MCQS Reconstruction  Adult Reconstructive Surgery of the Hip and Knee Scored and Recorded Self-Assessment Examination 2019       Question 1 What factor is associated with a higher risk of dislocation after total

ORTHO MCQS RECON019

ORTHO MCQS RECON019 Adult Reconstructive Surgery of the Hip and Knee Scored and Recorded Self-Assessment Examination 2019   Question 1 What factor is associated with a higher risk of dislocation after total hip arthroplasty?   A.  Male gender B. 

ORTHO MCQS Shoulder and Elbow 0192

ORTHO MCQS Shoulder and Elbow 019 Shoulder and Elbow Scored and Recorded Self-Assessment Examination 2019   Question 1 of 100 Figures 1 through 3 are the radiographs of a 55-year-old woman who fell on her outstretched right arm, resulting in acute elbow pain and swelling. On

ORTHO MCQS Shoulder and Elbow 019

ORTHO MCQS Shoulder and Elbow 019 Shoulder and Elbow Scored and Recorded Self-Assessment Examination 2019 Question 1 of 100 Figures 1 through 3 are the radiographs of a 55-year-old woman who fell on her outstretched right arm, resulting in acute elbow pain and swelling. On examination,

ORTHO MCQS SPORT 10

ORTHO MCQS SPORTS 10   Your Source for Lifelong Orthopaedic Learning   Question 1 What is the most common maxillofacial/dental injury in ice hockey? Temporomandibular   Lip laceration Tooth avulsion Crown

ORTHO MCQS BANK 011 FREE 04

ORTHO MCQS BANK 011 FREE 04 Q 1 1a 1b 1c 1d 1e A 43-year-old female factory worker has had a 6-month history of right plantar and lateral foot pain. She has pain with weight bearing and has difficulty standing at work. Management consisting of physical therapy, time off of work, and fracture

ORTHO MCQS BANK 011 FREE 03

  ORTHO MCQS BANK 011 FREE 03 Question 2..On MRI, what nerve is most likely to demonstrate increased signal intensity about the elbow in asymptomatic patients? 1- Ulnar 2- Radial 3- Median 4- Anterior interosseous 5- Musculocutaneous DISCUSSION: The ulnar nerve has been shown to have

ORTHO MCQS 011 FREE BANK 02

ORTHO MCQS 011 FREE BANK 02   Question 101A 60-year-old woman with a long-standing history of diabetes mellitus with documented peripheral neuropathy has a plantar ulcer. The ulcer has been present for 3 months. Her primary care physician has treated her with saline dressing changes with

ORTHO MCQS 011 FREE BANK

ORTHO MCQS 011 FREE BANK 01   Question 1Which of the following methods of treating a vertically oriented (eg, Pauwels III) femoral neck fracture is mechanically optimal? 1- Two parallel fully threaded screws 2- Three parallel partially threaded screws 3- Three parallel fully

Orthopedic MCQS online Hip and knee ADULT RECONSTRUCTION

    Orthopedic MCQS online Hip and knee ADULT RECONSTRUCTION    Question 1 During the course of a revision total knee arthroplasty via a medial parapatellar exposure, the surgeon does a complete intra-articular release and synovectomy but exposure is still

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 TRAUMA1

  ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 TRAUMA1 What percentage of patients will complain of knee pain at the time of union of a tibial shaft fracture treated with a reamed intramedullary nail? 1. <10% 2. 10-33% 3. 33-50% 4. 50-75% 5. >75% CORRECT ANSWER: 4 Anterior knee

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC5

  ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC7   FOR ALL MCQS CLICK THE LINK ORTHO MCQ BANK   A 25-year-old female presents to the emergency room within increasing left shoulder pain after walking into a door 5 months ago. She previously sustained a femoral fracture 2

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC7

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC7 What method of spinal fixation requires the largest force to disrupt the bone-implant interface?   Sublaminar cables Laminar hooks Pedicle hooks Pedicle screws   CORRECT answer: 4   Pedicle screws have been

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC 6

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC 6   A college athlete on a scholarship has a medical condition that you feel presents a life-threatening risk to him with participation in athletics. Because of the gravity of this decision and the potential effect it can have on the

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC 44

  ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC 44   Which of the following is a function of siRNA (small interfering RNA)?   Identifies proteins Blocks transcription of DNA Separates DNA based on size Blocks translation of mRNA Identifies DNA

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC 4

  ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC 4   A 64-year-old female with rheumatoid arthritis has decreased functional use of the left hand for activities of daily living. On physical examination she has fixed deformities of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints as demonstrated in Figure

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC 3

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC 3 A type IV (delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction) can be seen in which of the following scenarios? Packed red blood cell transfusion Platelet transfusion Immune inert scaffold placement Metal plate and screw placement for fracture Red man

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC 2

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC 2   Which of the following exhibits osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties when treating the injury shown in Figure A?       Corrent answer: 2         Neutrophils are

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 BASIC 1

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of stress shielding?   The decrease in physiologic stress in bone due to a stiffer structure sharing load Electrochemical potential created between two metals in physical contact and immersed in a conductive

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER HIP 01

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER HIP 01   1.          Figure 1 shows the radiograph of a 68-year-old man who underwent revision hip arthroplasty with impaction grafting of the femur and cementing of a tapered component into the graft 2 years

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER PEDS 01

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER PEDS 01 1.          The inheritance of the deformity shown in Figure 1 is most commonly   1-        

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER SPORT 01

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER SPORT 01 1.         An 18-year-old high school football player sustains a thigh injury that results in the findings shown in Figure 1.  Initial management should consist

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER ANATOMY 02

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER ANATOMY 02 1.         A patient has right shoulder pain.  Figure 1a shows a gadolinium-enhanced transverse MRI scan at the level of the coracoid.  Figure 1b shows an arthroscopic view of the anterior structures

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER PATHOLOGY 02

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER PATHOLOGY 02 1.         A 16-year-old boy has had thigh pain for the past several months.  He denies any history of trauma.  Examination reveals a large, deeply fixed, soft-tissue mass in the thigh. 

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER SHOULDER 02

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER SHOULDER 02                 1-Which of the following statements best describes why the ulnar nerve is most prone to neuropathy at the elbow?

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS WITH ANSWER SPINE 03

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS WITH ANSWER SPINE 03 1.         The transverse diameter of the pedicle is most narrow at which of the following levels?   1-         T1 2-        

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS WITH ANSWER HIP 04

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS WITH ANSWER HIP 04 1.         During primary total knee arthroplasty, what is the maximum distance the joint line can be raised or lowered before poor motion, joint instability, and increased chance of revision

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS WITH ANSWER PEDS 04

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS WITH ANSWER PEDS 04 1.         An 8-year-old boy sustains nondisplaced midshaft fractures of the tibia and fibula after being struck by a car while he was riding his bicycle.  No other injuries are noted, but the patient reports pain

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS WITH ANSWERS ONLINE SPINE 06

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS WITH ANSWERS ONLINE SPINE 06   1.      Figures 1a and 1b show the sagittal T2- and T1-weighted MRI scans of a 25-year-old intravenous drug abuser who has low back pain that is increasing in intensity.  Laboratory studies show a WBC count of

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS with Answers ONLINE BASIC 06

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS with Answers ONLINE BASIC 06 1.      A 20-year-old woman with a history of subtotal meniscectomy has a painful knee.  What associated condition is a contraindication to proceeding with a meniscal allograft?

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE HIP AND KNEE RECON 07

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE HIP AND KNEE RECON 07 1.      A patient is scheduled to undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) following failure of nonsurgical management.  History reveals that she underwent a patellectomy as a teenager as the result of a motor vehicle

ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS SPORT07

ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS SPORT 07 1.          A 22-year-old college baseball pitcher reports the recent onset of anterior and posterosuperior shoulder pain in his throwing shoulder.  Examination shows a 15-degree loss of internal rotation,

ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS UPPER LIMB08

ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS UPPER LIMB08   1.       A 68-year-old man had a 3-year history of shoulder pain that failed to respond to nonsurgical management.  Examination reveals forward elevation to 120 degrees and external rotation to 30 degrees. 

ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONCOLOGY/TUMOR08

ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONCOLOGY/TUMOR08   1.       A 13-year-old girl has had increasing left hip pain for the past 4 months.  A radiograph, bone scan, MRI scan, and photomicrograph are shown in Figures 1a through 1d.  Which of the following

ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ANATOMY08

ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ANATOMY08 1.       During a retroperitoneal approach to the L4-5 disk, what structure must be ligated to safely mobilize the common iliac vessels toward the midline from laterally and gain

ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS SPINE0 9

ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS SPINE0 9   1.       Which is the best initial study for the diagnostic evaluation of diskogenic low back pain?   1-         MRI 2-        

ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS TRAUMA 9

ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS TRAUMA 9   1.       A 26-year-old woman sustained a nondisplaced femoral neck fracture and treatment consisted of use of percutaneous cannulated screws.  At her 3-month follow-up visit, she reports hip pain and is unable to

Orthopedic MCQS online Shoulder and Elbow

Orthopedic MCQS online Shoulder and Elbow  1- Figures 1 and 2 show the current radiographs of a 25-year-old skier who presents 2 weeks after undergoing open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of a right elbow fracture dislocation. On examination, he has a well-healed posterior incision

Orthopedic MCQS online Hip and knee

Orthopedic MCQS online Hip and knee  1- Commercially available polymethylmethacrylate cement formulations vary in the consistency of the material as part of its inherent properties. What is the clinical difference between high- and low-viscosity cement

Lower limb Trauma Structured oral examination question 2

Lower limb Trauma Structured oral examination question 2 A 79-year-old woman fell in her garden sustaining this injury. She is generally quite independent, has a history of angina which is controlled and likes

Foot and ankle structured oral questions2: Ankle arthritis

Foot and ankle structured oral questions2: Ankle arthritis EXAMINER: Describe the findings on this X-ray. (Figure 4.2.) CANDIDATE: This is an AP weightbearing radiograph of a left ankle showing narrowing of the joint space and some subchondral sclerosis consistent with post-traumatic

Shoulder and elbow: Mcqs AND EMQS Answers

Shoulder and elbow: Mcqs AND EMQS Answers   MCQs e.  The posterior rotator cuff. The primary cause of internal impingement is often anterior capsular laxity, which may result in posterior capsular tightness. This results in anterior shift of the axis of rotation of the

oral

/*! * Base CSS for pdf2htmlEX * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE

Structured Oral Hip Examination Question 7

Structured Oral Hip Examination Question 7 EXAMINER: This is a radiograph of a 68-year-old woman who has been referred up to the orthopaedic clinic by the physiotherapist-led musculoskeletal clinic with an 18-month history of left hip pain and difficulty walking. (Figure 2.12.) CANDIDATE:

-5Structured Oral Hip Examination Question 4

Structured Oral Hip Examination Question 4 EXAMINER: These are the radiographs of a 78-year-old lady who has been referred to the orthopaedic clinic by her GP because of increasing pain in her right hip. Would you care to comment on the radiographs? (Figure 2.7.) CANDIDATE: This is an AP

Structured Hip Oral Examination Question 2

Structured Hip Oral Examination Question 2 EXAMINER: This is an anteroposterior (AP) radiograph of a 52-year-old woman who presents to your clinic with non-specific right hip pain. She had a right metal-on-metal hip resurfacing procedure performed 3 years ago. (Figure 2.4.) CANDIDATE: The

Hip structured oral questions

Chapter Hip structured oral questions 2   All viva questions outlined here are examples of actual questions asked in the FRCS (Tr & Orth) exam. Currently each viva question lasts 5 minutes and examiners are advised against switching to another topic earlier even if a candidate

Basic science oral core topics Introduction

The basic science oral Basic science oral core topics Introduction   The FRCS Orth examination will definitely test you on aspects of basic science – in the past there has commonly been a surgical approach question in the written paper, and although the format is changing it

Spine notes

                     Spine    General Topics   1     Spinal Biomechanics     Take-Home

Orthopaedic Trauma

/* Font Definitions */ @font-face { font-family: Helvetica; panose-1: 2 11 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 4; } @font-face { font-family: Courier; panose-1: 2 7 4 9 2 2 5 2 4 4; } @font-face {

Basic Sciences

 Basic Sciences    Tissues 1     Bone  Take-Home Message •      Bone regeneration depends on an osteoinductive stimulus, osteoconduc-tive matrix, source of responding cells, and suffi cient

Basic Sciences Viva

 Basic Sciences Viva   Basic Sciences  Section 3 Tissue Anatomy and Pathology  Viva 21  Reproduced from C. Bulstrode et al., Oxford Textbook of Trauma and Orthopaedics second edition, 2011, fi gure 1.3.10, p. 25, with

SSEE

Figures 1 and 2 show the current radiographs of a 25-year-old skier who presents 2 weeks after undergoing open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of a right elbow fracture dislocation. On examination, he has a well-healed posterior incision without any signs of infection. He

SE

  Figures 1 and 2 show the current radiographs of a 25-year-old skier who presents 2 weeks after undergoing open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of a right elbow fracture dislocation. On examination, he has a well-healed posterior incision without

2021 SHOULDER AND ELBOW MCQS FREE

SHOULDER AND ELBOW MCQS FREE  2021 1- Figures 1 and 2 show the current radiographs of a 25-year-old skier who presents 2  weeks after undergoing open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of a right elbow fracture dislocation. On examination, he has a well-healed posterior

Pediatric Orthopaedic MCQS Self-Assessment Examination 2020

            Pediatric Orthopaedic MCQS Self-Assessment Examination 2020               Question 1 of 100 Figures 1 and 2 are the radiographs of an 11-year-old girl who is having right elbow pain after “trying to beat up a

Self-Assessment Examination 2020 Adult Spine MCQS

Self-Assessment Examination 2020 Adult Spine MCQS    Question 1 of 100 Figures 1 and 2 are the MRI scans of the spine of a 20-year-old college football player who complains of severe right arm pain after making a tackle. He has numbness of the right thumb and index finger but has

UPDATED ORTHOPEDIC MCQS

1) What percentage of patients will complain of knee pain at the time of union of a tibial shaft fracture treated with a reamed intramedullary nail?  1. <10%  2. 10-33%  3. 33-50%  4. 50-75%  5. >75%  Corrent answer:

FREE Orthopedics MCQS 2022 1701-1750.

FREE Orthopedics MCQS 2022 1701-1750. 1701. (438) Q5-576: A 7-year-old child sustained a type 3 closed supracondylar fracture of the humerus 2 hours ago. Neurologic function is intact, but a pulse cannot be found by palpation or doppler. The hand is slightly cool. Your next step is to

FREE Orthopedics MCQS 2022 1551-1600

FREE Orthopedics MCQS 2022 1551-1600 1551. (2404) Q4-2863: Slide 1 A 1-year-old boy was born full-term and pregnancy was uneventful. However, the parents noticed deformity of the patientâs forearm, which progressed with growth. The parents consulted a pediatric orthopaedic

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 951-1000

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 951-1000   951. (3530) Q2-4484: The mechanism of action of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates is: 1) Osteoblast activation 3) Osteoclast apoptosis 2) Osteocyte activation 5) Increased production of osteoprotegerin 4) Decreased

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 901-950

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 901-950 901. (3289) Q2-4133: The receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL) is expressed on the surface of which of the following cells: 1) Osteoclasts 3) Platelets 2) Osteoblasts and marrow stromal cells 5) Vascular endothelial

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 851-900

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 851-900   851. (3026) Q2-3532: A man has an X-linked dominant condition and marries a woman who does not carry the abnormal gene. Which of the following is true concerning the offspring: 1) 50% of the daughters will be affected 3) 50% of the

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 751-800

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 751-800   751. (1926) Q2-2336: Osteoclasts have receptors for which of the following: 1) 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 3) Osteoprotegerin 2) Parathyroid hormone 5) Calcitonin 4) Receptor activator of nuclear factor

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 701-750

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 701-750   701. (1068) Q2-1375: The skin over the anterior distal thigh above the patella is innervated by which of the following sensory segmental levels: 1) T12 3) L2 2) L1 5) L4 4) L3 The skin over the thigh is innervated by

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 551-600

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 551-600 551. (70) Q2-110: Which of the following statements concerning the medial and lateral menisci is correct: 1) The medial meniscus is more mobile than the lateral meniscus 3) The menisci transmit 50% of the joint forces with the knee in

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 451-500

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 451-500 451. (3639) Q1-7416: What is the most frequent intraoperative complication during the course of shoulder arthroplasty for rheumatoid arthritis? 1) Pulmonary embolism 3) Deltoid tearing 2) Cervical spine instability 5)

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 401-450

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 401-450   401. (3244) Q1-4067: In patients with sickle cell disease, what are the most commonly affected locations for osteonecrosis: 1) Distal radial and distal humerus 3) Distal femur and proximal tibia 2) Head of femur and head of

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 351-400

  ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 351-400 351. (4054) Q1-3025: The disadvantages of a complete arthroscopiCrepair of a rotator cuff include all of the following except: 1) Complete arthroscopiCrepair limits some suture configuration options in the tendon. 3) Complete

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 301-350

ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE MCQ 301-350 301. (2001) Q1-2417: Staphylococcus epidermidis adheres: 1) More strongly to polyethylene 3) Similarly to both polyethylene and alumina ceramic 2) More strongly to alumina ceramic 5) More strongly to polymethylmethacrylate 4) This

Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist) PATIENT EDUCATIONS

Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist) PATIENT EDUCATIONS   A fracture of the distal radius occurs when the radius — one of the two long bones in the forearm — breaks close to the wrist.  Distal radius fractures are very common. In fact, the radius is the most

Intramedullary and Dorsal Plate Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures

Intramedullary and Dorsal Plate Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures DEFINITION ■Distal radius fractures typically originate in the radial meta physis and occasionally enter the radiocarpal joint and distal radioulnar joint. ■These fractures may be stable or unstable,

Arthroscopic Reduction and Fixation of Distal Radius and Ulnar Styloid Fractures

Arthroscopic Reduction and Fixation of Distal Radius and Ulnar Styloid Fractures DEFINITION ■    A bimodal age distribution exists for patients with distal radius fractures (ie, young adults vs elderly persons), and they frequently have a different mechanism of

K-Wire Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures With and Without External Fixation

K-Wire Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures With and Without External Fixation         DEFINITION ■    Distal  radius fractures occur at the distal end of the bone, originating in the metaphyseal region and often extending to the radiocarpal and distal radioulnar

Bone Fractures-Broken Bones

Bone Fractures-Broken Bones Bone fractures are a very common injury and can affect anyone at any age. If you’re older than 50 or have a family history of osteoporosis, talk to your provider about a bone density screening. We treat all types of fractures , throughout all stages of

Smith vs Colles Fracture

Smith and Colles fractures are two types of fractures that occur in the wrist. Both fractures involve the radius bone, which is one of the two bones in the forearm that connect to the wrist. However, they differ in the direction of the fracture and the mechanism of injury.   A Smith

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome MAKING A DIAGNOSIS

Complex Regional P​ain Syndrome MAKING A DIAGNOSIS Considerable confusion has been generated by a failure to understand the recent work from the IASP. In 1994, when the IASP produced the new diagnostic entity of CRPS, it was

Late Phase of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

Late Phase of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Passing into the late phase, VMI recedes, edema resolves, and atrophy of the limb occurs (Fig. 23-2), which affects every tissue. The skin is thinned and joint creases and subcutaneous fat disappear. Hairs

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

INTRODUCTION During the American Civil War, Silas Weir Mitchell described a syndrome that occurred in patients who had suffered gunshot injuries to major nerves.120 Noting that a leading feature was burning pain, he called the

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

INTRODUCTION During the American Civil War, Silas Weir Mitchell described a syndrome that occurred in patients who had suffered gunshot injuries to major nerves.120 Noting that a leading feature was burning pain, he called the

Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur FRACTUREs

  Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur DEFINITION Retrograde femoral nailing can be defined as any femoral nailing technique with a distal entry from the condyles or through an intercondylar, intra-articular starting point. For this chapter, retrograde

Cephalomedullary Nailing of the Proximal Femur Fractures

Cephalomedullary Nailing of the Proximal Femur   DEFINITION ■Fractures of the proximal femur are usually grouped into four major types reflecting differences in the anatomic and physiologic character of these regions: ■Femoral head fractures ■Intracapsular femoral

Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur

Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur   Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing of the

Anterograde Intramedullary Nailing Of the Femur Shaft Fracture

Anterograde Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur  DEFINITION  ■    A femoral shaft fracture is any fracture of the femoral diaphysis from 5 cm below the lesser trochanter to within 6 to 8 cm of the distal femoral articular surface.  ■    Some

Herniated disc: Non-surgical treatment

Slipped disc: Non-surgical treatment options Most people with a slipped disc in the lumbar region of their spine (lower back) are offered “conservative” treatment, meaning that the treatment does not involve surgery. This mainly involves exercise, relaxation and positioning,

تعرف على أفضل دكتور عظام في اليمن: تصنيفنا لأفضل الأطباء والخبراء في العلاج العظمي

تعرف على أفضل دكتور عظام في اليمن: تصنيفنا لأفضل الأطباء والخبراء في العلاج العظمي إذا كنت تبحث عن الدكتور الذي يمتلك الخبرة والكفاءة في مجال العلاج العظمي في

FOR DOCTORS PROXIMAL HUMERAL FRACTURES Extraarticular 2-Part, Greater Tuberosity, Displaced Treatment ORIF - Screw or suture fixation

FOR DOCTORS PROXIMAL HUMERAL FRACTURES Extraarticular 2-Part, Greater Tuberosity, Displaced Treatment ORIF - Screw or suture fixation   A significantly displaced greater tuberosity fracture will impinge on the coraco-acromial arch. This causes painful reduction of

FOR DOCTORS PROXIMAL HUMERAL FRACTURES Extraarticular 2-Part, Greater Tuberosity, Displaced Treatment ORIF - Screw or suture fixation   A significantly displaced greater tuberosity fracture will impinge on the coraco-acromial arch. This causes painful reduction of

FOR DOCTORS PROXIMAL HUMERAL FRACTURES Extraarticular 2-Part, Greater Tuberosity, Displaced Treatment Screw fixation

FOR DOCTORS PROXIMAL HUMERAL FRACTURES Extraarticular 2-Part, Greater Tuberosity, Displaced Treatment Screw fixation   A significantly displaced greater tuberosity fracture will impinge on the coraco-acromial arch. This causes painful reduction of motion. Nonoperative treatment will

For Doctors Proximal Humeral Fractures Greater Tuberosity, Screw Fixationextraarticular 2-Part, Greater Tuberosity, Nondisplaced

Extraarticular 2-Part, Greater Tuberosity, Nondisplaced MIO - Screw Fixation extraarticular 2-Part, Greater Tuberosity, Nondisplaced 1. Treatment principles Although these fractures are undisplaced fractures of the greater tuberosity, displacement may

Proximal Humeral fractures Clinical And Radiographic Assessment Of Patients With Suspected Proximal Humeral Fractures

Proximal Humeral fractures Clinical And Radiographic Assessment Of Patients With Suspected Proximal Humeral Fractures     Clinical Assessment Any injured patient needs comprehensive and systematic assessment (eg, ATLS approach) to identify

Aftercare Complications The wrist and hand

  32 Aftercare (a): The patient is seen the next day and the fingers examined for adequacy of the circulation and the degree of swelling (1). The palm, fingers, thumb and elbow are checked for constriction caused by bandaging or elbow flexion, and any

The wrist and handافضل دكتور عظام

    The wrist and hand     1 Colles fracture: A Colles fracture is a fracture of the radius within 2.5 cm of the wrist (1), with a characteristic deformity if displaced. It is the commonest of all fractures. It

Fracture patterns and their significance: Hair-line fractures

  Fracture patterns and their significance: Hair-line fractures   12 Pathological fractures (b): Pathological fractures may also occur at the site of simple tumours, e.g. a fracture of the humerus (a) in a child with a simple bone cyst (b). The commonest causes of

Pathology and healing of fractures

Pathology and healing of fractures 1 Initial definitions: Fracture: A fracture is present when there is loss of continuity in the substance of a bone. The term covers all bony disruptions, ranging from one end of the scale when (1) a bone is broken into many fragments

FACTORS AFFECTING THE RATE OF HEALING OF A FRACTURE 1 TYPE OF BONE Cancellous bone (spongy bone) Healing in cancellous bone is generally well advanced 6 weeks from the time of the injury, and protection of the fracture can almost

Proximal humerus fractures

Proximal humerus fractures Summary Proximal humerus fractures are very common injuries, and they are one of the true osteoporotic fractures. Most fractures can be treated effectively without surgery, as the rich blood vessels and wide surfaces give a great tendency to heal. In addition,

الكالسيوم و فيتامين د والتغذية وصحة العظام، دكتور عظام ومفاصل في اليمن

الكالسيوم و فيتامين د والتغذية وصحة العظام تعتمد صحة وقوة عظامنا على نظام غذائي متوازن وتدفق مستمر من العناصر الغذائية - والأهم من ذلك الكالسيوم وفيتامين

دكتور عظام صنعاء: دليل شامل للبحث عن أفضل رعاية لعظامكم ومفاصلكم

دكتور عظام صنعاء: الدليل النهائي والشامل لصحة مثالية للعظام والمفاصل مع الأستاذ الدكتور محمد هطيف - خبير جراحة العظام والمفاصل والعمود الفقري الرائد (+967