5. Sports Medicine MCQs

When evaluating a patient for an anterior shoulder stabilization procedure, the Instability Severity Index Score (ISIS) is used to predict the risk of recurrence after an arthroscopic Bankart repair. Which of the following factors increases the ISIS score?

The transverse force couple of the shoulder is crucial for maintaining the humeral head centered within the glenoid during active elevation. This force couple relies on the balanced action of which of the following muscle groups?

A patient is evaluated for anterior shoulder pain. The examiner places the patient's arm in forward flexion, internal rotation, and cross-body adduction, which recreates the patient's sharp anterior pain. Imaging reveals a narrowed coracohumeral distance. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 55-year-old physical laborer presents with persistent deep shoulder pain. MR arthrogram reveals a Type II SLAP tear. Given his age and occupation, what is the most appropriate surgical treatment if conservative management fails?

A 22-year-old collegiate rugby player presents with recurrent anterior shoulder instability. CT scan with 3D reconstruction reveals an "inverted pear" glenoid with 25% anterior bone loss. What is the most appropriate definitive management?

A 35-year-old man presents to the ER after a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. His shoulder is locked in internal rotation. Radiographs show a posterior shoulder dislocation. MRI reveals an anteromedial humeral head impaction fracture involving 35% of the articular surface. What is the most appropriate surgical management?

A 55-year-old man sustains a traumatic forced external rotation injury to his shoulder. He demonstrates a positive belly-press test and increased external rotation compared to the contralateral side. MRI confirms an isolated, full-thickness subscapularis tendon tear. During arthroscopic repair, which of the following additional findings is most likely to be encountered?

A 28-year-old elite volleyball player complains of vague posterior shoulder pain and isolated weakness in external rotation. Forward elevation and internal rotation strength are normal. MRI reveals a paralabral cyst in the spinoglenoid notch. This lesion most likely originated from which of the following pathologies?

Following an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, a patient asks about the expected timeline for tendon-to-bone healing. Biomechanically, which type of collagen initially predominates at the healing tendon-bone interface before being remodeled into a stronger, more mature construct?

During diagnostic arthroscopy for recurrent anterior shoulder instability, the surgeon notes that the anterior labrum is avulsed but remains attached to the intact anterior scapular periosteum, having healed medially along the glenoid neck. This specific pathology is known as:

A 19-year-old female competitive swimmer presents with bilateral shoulder pain and a feeling of "looseness." Examination reveals a positive sulcus sign, generalized ligamentous laxity (Beighton score 7/9), and no distinct history of trauma. Initial management for this condition should focus on:

When performing an open Latarjet procedure, the surgeon must be careful to avoid injury to the nerves innervating the subscapularis muscle. The upper and lower subscapular nerves are branches of which cord of the brachial plexus?

A 42-year-old recreational tennis player undergoes arthroscopy for refractory shoulder pain. A partial articular-sided tendon avulsion (PASTA) lesion of the supraspinatus is identified. At what depth of tendon involvement is completion of the tear and full-thickness repair generally recommended?

A 25-year-old professional baseball pitcher presents with pain during the late cocking phase of throwing and a "dead arm" sensation. MRI shows a Type II SLAP tear. If nonoperative management fails, what is the preferred surgical intervention to allow return to his prior level of competitive pitching?

Following an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction utilizing a soft-tissue hamstring autograft, the graft typically secures within the osseous tunnels via which healing mechanism?

Which of the following biologic properties is characteristic of a fresh autogenous cancellous bone graft but is NOT typically found in a structural cortical allograft?

During surgical reconstruction of the posterolateral corner of the knee, the fibular collateral ligament (FCL) and popliteus tendon (PT) are identified. What is the anatomic relationship of their femoral attachments?

Which of the following structures is NOT considered a border or content of the rotator interval in the shoulder?

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is composed of two primary bundles. Which of the following best describes the biomechanical function of the posterolateral (PL) bundle?

Which of the following bone graft options possesses osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive properties?