5. Sports Medicine MCQs

A 28-year-old elite volleyball attacker presents with painless, isolated weakness in external rotation of her dominant shoulder. MRI reveals a paralabral cyst. At which of the following anatomic locations is the cyst most likely compressing the affected nerve?

In the evaluation of a patient with a massive rotator cuff tear, which of the following factors on preoperative MRI is the strongest independent predictor of structural failure following surgical repair?

A 25-year-old male with recurrent anterior shoulder instability has a glenoid track evaluated on CT. He has 10% anterior glenoid bone loss and a large Hill-Sachs lesion that extends outside the glenoid track. What is the most appropriate surgical management?

A 30-year-old rugby player presents with recurrent anterior shoulder instability. MRI arthrogram shows no labral tear, but reveals contrast extravasation into the axillary pouch and the normal U-shape of the axillary recess is lost, appearing as a J-shape. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 40-year-old overhead athlete undergoes shoulder arthroscopy for chronic pain. An articular-sided, partial-thickness supraspinatus tear (PASTA lesion) is identified. Debridement reveals the tear involves 60% of the tendon footprint thickness. What is the recommended management?

A 19-year-old gymnast complains of bilateral shoulder pain and a feeling of instability. Physical exam reveals generalized ligamentous laxity, a positive sulcus sign, and apprehension with anterior, posterior, and inferior translation. She has failed 6 months of targeted physical therapy. What is the next best step in management?

A 55-year-old woman presents with persistent anterior shoulder pain exacerbated by forward elevation and internal rotation. MRI reveals a narrowed coracohumeral interval measuring 5 mm, edema in the subcoracoid space, and a partial-thickness tear of the subscapularis tendon. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 22-year-old collegiate baseball pitcher reports deep shoulder pain during the late cocking phase of throwing. MRI arthrogram demonstrates contrast extending between the superior labrum and the glenoid, and arthroscopy reveals the superior labrum and biceps anchor are completely detached from the superior glenoid. What type of SLAP tear is this?

The "rotator cable" is a thick fibrous band of tissue running perpendicular to the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscle fibers. Its primary function is to stress-shield which of the following adjacent structures?

A 26-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a locked left shoulder in internal rotation following a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Radiographs reveal a posterior shoulder dislocation. Which of the following associated lesions is most likely present?

A 29-year-old professional volleyball player presents with isolated external rotation weakness and posterior shoulder pain. MRI reveals a paralabral cyst. Compression of the suprascapular nerve at the spinoglenoid notch will result in denervation of which of the following muscles?

A 22-year-old rugby player presents with his fifth anterior shoulder dislocation.

3D CT imaging reveals 28% anterior glenoid bone loss. What is the most appropriate definitive surgical management?

A 24-year-old baseball pitcher presents with pain in the posterosuperior aspect of his throwing shoulder during the late cocking phase. Examination reveals a glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) of 25 degrees. What is the primary underlying pathomechanism?

During an arthroscopic anterior stabilization for a patient with recurrent dislocations, an engaging Hill-Sachs lesion is identified. Which of the following procedures involves tenodesis of the infraspinatus tendon into the humeral defect?

A 30-year-old man sustains a shoulder dislocation. An MR arthrogram demonstrates extravasation of contrast into the axillary pouch, obliterating the normal U-shape and creating a "J-sign". This finding is pathognomonic for which of the following lesions?

During arthroscopy for recurrent anterior shoulder instability, the surgeon notes that the anterior labrum is completely torn and has medially displaced and healed along the anterior aspect of the glenoid neck. This pathology is correctly termed an:

A 19-year-old gymnast complains of vague, bilateral shoulder pain and a sensation of slipping. Examination reveals a prominent sulcus sign bilaterally, positive apprehension without a history of frank dislocation, and generalized ligamentous laxity. What is the most appropriate initial management?

A 45-year-old construction worker fell onto an outstretched arm and now complains of anterior shoulder pain and weakness. Clinical examination demonstrates a positive Gerber's lift-off test and increased passive external rotation. Which structure is most likely injured?

During an open Latarjet procedure, the surgeon places a self-retaining retractor medial to the conjoint tendon to expose the subscapularis. Excessive medial retraction in this area places which nerve at highest risk of injury?

A 52-year-old laborer presents with a massive, retracted supraspinatus and infraspinatus tear. The subscapularis is intact, the deltoid is highly functional, and there is no evidence of glenohumeral osteoarthritis on radiographs. Which of the following is the most appropriate surgical intervention?