5. Sports Medicine MCQs

During arthroscopic evaluation of a patient with anterior shoulder pain and a positive belly-press test, an isolated full-thickness tear of the subscapularis tendon is identified. Which anatomical structure is consistently utilized as a landmark identifying the superior border of the subscapularis?

A 65-year-old male presents with massive rotator cuff tear. On physical examination, he demonstrates a positive Hornblower's sign. Which muscle is primarily deficient, and what is the typical pathomorphologic finding?

A 25-year-old hockey player presents with anterior groin pain that worsens with deep flexion. The FADIR (Flexion, Adduction, Internal Rotation) test elicits sharp groin pain. Imaging reveals a substantial alpha angle. This test is highly sensitive for which of the following conditions?

During an evaluation for shoulder pain, the patient holds their arm in 90 degrees of flexion, 10 degrees of adduction, and maximal internal rotation (thumb down). Downward force elicits deep shoulder pain. The pain is relieved when the test is repeated in maximal external rotation (palm up). This clinical finding is most specific for pathology of which structure?

A 35-year-old male complains of medial knee joint line catching. The examiner stands the patient on the affected leg, flexes the knee to 20 degrees, and asks the patient to internally and externally rotate their body over the knee. This maneuver reproduces the medial pain. What is the name of this test, and what is its primary purpose?

During the Active Compression Test (O'Brien's test), a patient experiences deep shoulder pain when the arm is in 90 degrees of forward flexion, 10 degrees of adduction, and internal rotation (thumb pointing down). The pain is entirely relieved by external rotation (thumb pointing up). Which structure is most likely injured?

A 55-year-old female complains of weakness and anterior shoulder pain. The examiner places the patient's palm on her contralateral shoulder and asks her to resist as the examiner tries to pull the hand anteriorly away from the shoulder. She is unable to resist the pull. Which tendon is likely torn?

A 20-year-old swimmer undergoes apprehension and relocation tests of the shoulder. Anterior apprehension is noted, which is subsequently relieved when the examiner applies a posteriorly directed force on the proximal humerus (relocation test). The relief of apprehension during this maneuver is most specific for what pathology?

During a physical exam, a patient demonstrates an inability to maintain maximal external rotation of the shoulder when the examiner places the arm in 20 degrees of abduction and maximum external rotation. Upon release, the arm drifts into internal rotation. Which tendon is most likely involved?

A 24-year-old hockey player complains of insidious onset groin pain. The examiner flexes the hip to 90 degrees, adducts, and internally rotates the thigh (FADIR test), which reproduces sharp anterior groin pain. This test is highly sensitive for which condition?

A 25-year-old overhead athlete presents with deep anterior shoulder pain. O'Brien's active compression test is positive, eliciting pain with internal rotation that is relieved by external rotation. What is the most likely injured structure?

A 55-year-old man presents with anterior shoulder pain and weakness after a fall. A Belly Press test is equivocal, but the Bear Hug test is strongly positive with inability to hold the hand to the opposite shoulder against resistance. Which portion of the affected muscle is most likely compromised?

A 22-year-old hockey player presents with chronic anterior groin pain. The examiner flexes the hip to 90 degrees, then adducts and internally rotates it, strictly reproducing the patient's sharp groin pain. This test (FADIR) is most sensitive for diagnosing which condition?

A patient with a complex knee injury demonstrates greater than 10 degrees of increased external rotation at BOTH 30 degrees and 90 degrees of knee flexion during the Dial test, compared to the contralateral side. This specific examination finding indicates combined injury to which structures?

In a patient with recurrent anterior shoulder instability, the relocation test is performed by applying a posteriorly directed force on the proximal humerus while the arm is abducted and externally rotated. What specific clinical response constitutes a true positive relocation test?

During an evaluation of a 22-year-old soccer player with a knee injury, a pivot shift test is performed. As the knee is brought from extension to flexion with a valgus stress and internal rotation applied, a clunk is felt at 20-30 degrees of flexion. Which anatomical structure is responsible for the reduction of the tibia during this test?

A 55-year-old patient presents with shoulder pain after a lifting injury. The examiner performs the "bear hug" test by placing the patient's palm on their opposite shoulder and resisting the patient's attempt to press the hand downward. Weakness in this maneuver most specifically indicates a tear of which structure?

A 30-year-old male complains of groin pain with deep hip flexion. The examiner flexes the hip to 90 degrees, adducts it, and internally rotates the thigh, which reproduces the patient's sharp groin pain. This test is highly sensitive for which of the following conditions?