Shoulder & Hip Sports MCQs

A 22-year-old athlete presents with a recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation. An MRI shows an anterior labral tear and a distinct impaction fracture on the posterolateral aspect of the humeral head. Which of the following best describes this bony defect?

During an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, a surgeon identifies a massive, retracted tear involving the entirety of the subscapularis tendon off its footprint on the lesser tuberosity. The surgeon needs to understand the innervation to mobilize the muscle safely. Which of the following peripheral nerves provide the primary motor innervation to the subscapularis?

In calculating the Instability Severity Index Score (ISIS) for an 18-year-old competitive rugby player with recurrent anterior shoulder instability, which of the following factors would contribute points indicating a higher risk of recurrence after an arthroscopic Bankart repair?

A 45-year-old male sustains a traumatic subscapularis tear. Physical exam reveals increased passive external rotation compared to the contralateral side. Which special test is most specific for an isolated tear of the upper portion of the subscapularis tendon?

A 23-year-old professional baseball pitcher presents with posterior shoulder pain during the late cocking phase of throwing. MRI arthrogram is likely to reveal which of the following classic findings associated with internal impingement?

A 24-year-old rugby player has recurrent anterior shoulder instability. CT scan with 3D reconstruction reveals 25% anterior glenoid bone loss. A Latarjet procedure is planned. Which of the following accurately describes the 'sling effect' provided by the Latarjet procedure?

A 19-year-old female dancer complains of a painless snapping sensation over her lateral hip when she walks. Examination reveals a palpable snap over the greater trochanter when the hip is moved from flexion to extension. Which structure is most commonly implicated in this condition?

A 25-year-old professional baseball pitcher complains of posterior shoulder pain during the late cocking phase of throwing. Physical exam shows a Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD) of 25 degrees compared to the contralateral side, and a positive posterior impingement sign.

What are the hallmark arthroscopic findings of internal impingement in the thrower's shoulder?

A 55-year-old tennis player sustains a fall onto an outstretched hand. He complains of anterior shoulder pain and weakness. Physical exam reveals a positive 'bear-hug' test and increased external rotation compared to the normal side. Which tendon is primarily affected, and what structure is at risk for medial subluxation as a consequence?

A 35-year-old tennis player presents with anterior shoulder pain exacerbated by forward flexion and internal rotation. Examination demonstrates increased translation on the load-and-shift test and a positive bear-hug test. An MRI is obtained showing narrowing of the coracohumeral interval. Which structure is most likely to be injured in this condition?

A 28-year-old professional volleyball player presents with insidious onset of posterior shoulder pain and weakness. Physical examination reveals isolated atrophy of the infraspinatus muscle with normal supraspinatus bulk and strength. Where is the most likely site of nerve compression?

A 24-year-old hockey player presents with groin pain with hip flexion and internal rotation. Radiographs are ordered to evaluate for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). An elevated alpha angle is indicative of which morphology, and on what view is it best measured?

A 19-year-old female dancer complains of a visible, audible 'snap' over the lateral aspect of her hip when moving from flexion to extension. She has tenderness over the greater trochanter. Which structures are most commonly involved in this condition?

During a rotator cuff repair, an understanding of the vascular supply is essential. The 'critical zone' of the supraspinatus tendon, where tears most commonly initiate, is primarily located at what distance proximal to its insertion on the greater tuberosity?

A 26-year-old professional baseball pitcher presents with posterior shoulder pain during the late cocking phase of throwing. He exhibits a GIRD (glenohumeral internal rotation deficit) of 25 degrees. Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of internal impingement in this patient?

A 22-year-old rugby player presents with recurrent anterior shoulder instability despite a prior arthroscopic Bankart repair. A revision MRI arthrogram demonstrates a 'J-sign' in the axillary pouch rather than the normal U-shape.

Which of the following describes the pathology?

A 45-year-old manual laborer presents with a massive, irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tear involving the supraspinatus and infraspinatus. The subscapularis is completely intact. He demonstrates a lag sign and pseudoparalysis of external rotation, but maintains forward elevation to 130 degrees. Which of the following tendon transfers is biomechanically optimal to restore external rotation in this patient?

A 22-year-old collegiate hockey player complains of insidious onset anterior groin pain, worse with deep hip flexion. Physical exam reveals a positive FADIR test. Plain radiographs, including a Dunn lateral view, demonstrate an abnormal head-neck junction. An alpha angle greater than what threshold is highly indicative of symptomatic Cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI)?

A 26-year-old baseball pitcher presents with posterior shoulder pain that is most severe during the late cocking phase of throwing. He has a 20-degree glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD). Arthroscopic evaluation reveals 'internal impingement.' Which structures are pathologically abutting each other in this condition?

A 21-year-old ballerina presents with an audible and palpable 'clunk' deep in her anterior groin. This consistently occurs when she extends her hip from a flexed, abducted, and externally rotated position. She denies any history of trauma. What is the most likely anatomic cause of this specific snapping?