Knee Sports MCQs

In medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction for recurrent patellofemoral instability, anatomic femoral tunnel placement is critical to avoid anisometry. Where is the anatomic femoral attachment of the MPFL located?

A 22-year-old female soccer player sustains a noncontact twisting injury to her knee, feeling a "pop."

MRI confirms an isolated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. Which of the following is an established intrinsic anatomic risk factor for this injury?

A 26-year-old rugby player presents with posterior knee pain and a positive posterior drawer test.

The dial test demonstrates 15 degrees of increased external rotation at 30 degrees of flexion and 15 degrees of increased external rotation at 90 degrees of flexion compared to the contralateral side. Which structures are injured?

Which bundle of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) serves as the primary restraint to posterior tibial translation at 90 degrees of knee flexion?

A 22-year-old football player sustains a valgus blow to the lateral aspect of his knee. Physical examination reveals medial joint line opening at 30 degrees of flexion but a stable knee in full extension. Which anatomical structure is the primary restraint being tested?

Biomechanical studies have demonstrated that a medial meniscus posterior root tear alters knee joint kinematics in a manner functionally equivalent to which of the following conditions?

A patient with knee instability is examined using the dial test. The examiner notes 15 degrees of increased external rotation of the affected limb compared to the normal limb at 30 degrees of knee flexion, but there is no side-to-side difference at 90 degrees of knee flexion. This finding strongly suggests an isolated injury to which structure?

Which component of the posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee is the primary restraint to external rotation of the tibia at 30 degrees of knee flexion?

During an anatomic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, failure to adequately recreate the posterolateral (PL) bundle will most likely result in a persistent deficit in which of the following biomechanical functions?

During the evaluation of a suspected posterolateral corner (PLC) knee injury, the dial test is performed. An increase in external rotation of 15 degrees at 30 degrees of knee flexion, but no asymmetry at 90 degrees of flexion, most strongly suggests which of the following injury patterns?

A 24-year-old skier sustains a twisting injury to the knee. A plain radiograph is shown in Figure 1.

The image reveals an avulsion fracture of the lateral tibial plateau (Segond fracture). This pathognomonic finding is most strongly associated with injury to which of the following structures?

A patient presents with knee pain and instability after a dashboard injury. The dial test shows 15 degrees of increased external rotation of the tibia at 30 degrees of knee flexion compared to the contralateral side, but symmetric external rotation at 90 degrees. What is the most likely diagnosis?

During surgical reconstruction of the posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee, the surgeon must reconstruct the primary static stabilizer to varus stress. Which structure inserts on the lateral aspect of the fibular head, anterior to the popliteofibular ligament?

The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is composed of two primary bundles. Which statement accurately describes the tensioning pattern of the larger bundle during normal knee range of motion?

A 22-year-old collegiate football player sustains a direct blow to the anteromedial aspect of his knee. Examination reveals a positive dial test at 30 degrees of knee flexion, but symmetrical external rotation at 90 degrees of flexion. Which structural injury is most consistent with these physical examination findings?

In ACL reconstruction utilizing a quadrupled hamstring graft and a cortical suspension button (e.g., Endobutton) for femoral fixation, the "bungee cord effect" and "windshield wiper effect" are established mechanisms that most commonly lead to which of the following postoperative radiographic findings?

A 28-year-old recreational skier sustains an acute ACL tear. Concurrent injury to the posterior horn of the medial meniscus root is identified on preoperative MRI. If the medial meniscus root tear is left completely untreated at the time of ACL reconstruction, the knee biomechanics will most closely resemble which of the following states?