Physiology & Rehabilitation MCQs

An Ilizarov pelvic support osteotomy is planned for a patient with a chronically dislocated, painful hip. To successfully eliminate Trendelenburg gait and restore mechanical alignment, which combination of femoral osteotomies is required?

In a pelvic support osteotomy (Ilizarov hip reconstruction) for a chronically dislocated hip, what is the primary biomechanical purpose of the distal femoral osteotomy?

A patient with a chronically dislocated hip and severe Trendelenburg gait is scheduled for a pelvic support osteotomy (Ilizarov). This procedure involves two distinct osteotomies. What is the primary biomechanical goal of the proximal osteotomy in this specific technique?

A 35-year-old woman with an untreated Chiari I malformation and large cervical syringomyelia presents with rapid, painless swelling of her right shoulder, accompanied by a 'crunching' sensation during movement. Radiographs reveal severe destruction of the humeral head and glenoid with loose osseous debris. What is the underlying pathophysiology of this joint destruction?

Which physical examination finding is classically associated with the expanding central cord lesion seen in advanced syringomyelia?

A 28-year-old male with a known cervical syrinx presents with painless burns on his hands. He has normal light touch and proprioception bilaterally. The pathophysiology of his isolated sensory deficit is due to compression of which specific spinal cord structure?

Which of the following sensory modalities is most reliably assessed by the 5.07 Semmes-Weinstein monofilament in a patient with diabetes mellitus?

A 65-year-old male with diabetes mellitus presents for evaluation. He reports that he recently stepped on a nail but did not feel it until he saw blood on his sock. Which of the following sensory modalities is most likely deficient in this patient, and what is the most appropriate screening tool to document this deficit?

A 58-year-old male with a 15-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus presents for a routine clinic visit. The physician uses a 5.07 Semmes-Weinstein monofilament on the plantar aspect of the foot. What specific sensory modality is being evaluated?

The Semmes-Weinstein 10g monofilament evaluates sensory pathways carried primarily by which anatomical tract in the spinal cord?

Which of the following conditions is most likely to result in a 'Charcot joint' (neuroarthropathy)?

What is the primary function of the medial meniscus in the knee joint?

A 30-year-old male presents with severe chest wall bruising, loss of the anterior axillary fold, and weakness in internal rotation and adduction after feeling a "pop" while performing a heavy bench press.

During surgical repair of the ruptured pectoralis major tendon, the surgeon isolates the torn sternocostal head. Relative to the clavicular head footprint on the humerus, where is the anatomic footprint of the sternocostal head located?

During the normal gait cycle, which muscle group undergoes a critical eccentric contraction immediately following initial contact (heel strike) to prevent a 'foot slap'?

When prescribing a prosthesis for a patient with a transtibial amputation, a Solid Ankle Cushion Heel (SACH) foot is often selected. What is the primary function of the compressible heel wedge in this prosthetic foot during the gait cycle?

During normal human gait, the center of mass reaches its highest vertical displacement at which phase of the gait cycle?

Understanding the normal human gait cycle is critical for diagnosing pathological gait patterns. During the normal stance phase of walking on level ground, maximum ankle dorsiflexion occurs precisely during which sub-phase?

During the stance phase of a normal gait cycle, the hip abductors fire to stabilize the pelvis and prevent a Trendelenburg drop. In which specific phase of the gait cycle does maximal contraction of the gluteus medius occur?