Examination questions for grade 2019
One, single-choice question (1 x 6 points)
1. Esophageal in situ cancer means (a)
A limited to the mucous membrane
B limited to intramuscular
C Uninvaded and esophagus whole layer
D not invaded the esophagus wall for a week
E over the lower mucous membrane
2. On the sixth day after the endothel of esophageal cancer, chest tightness, dyspnea, high fever, white blood cell 19G/L, the following complications are highly likely (b)
A Pneumonia
B-match mouth fistula
C incision infection
D breast milk breast
E celiac infection
3. The following description of teratoma is correct (b)
A teratoma is mostly cystic, with different sizes, not more than the number of cystic cavity
B teratoma often contains tissues such as epidermis, dermis and sebum glands
C teratoma is the vast majority of malignant, benign accounted for about 10%
D teratoma is mostly located in the upper vertical, so it is often necessary to identify with the thoracic bone
E teratoma comes from new embryo layer
4. Patient swallowing difficulty for 3 years, sometimes into the flow of food is also difficult, X-ray meal perspective, the lower end of the esophagus is bird mouth-like narrow, upper esophagus expansion, diagnosis is (c)
A esophagus benign tumor
B esophageal itis
C-door delay
D esophagus diverticulite
E esophagus under the septum door cancer
5. Male, 60 years old, cough, sputum with blood for 2 months, chest tablets show right lung upper lung door 6cm x 6cm lump, irregular form, edge burr, for the determination of diagnosis, should be: (a)
A Broncoscopy
B Chest mirror examination
C Sputum cytological examination
D Chest profiling
E Review chest tablets after 2 weeks of antibiotic treatment
6. With regard to GGO, the following description is most accurate (c)
A belongs to small cell lung cancer, grows rapidly and metastasizes earlier
B belongs to large cell lung cancer, low degree of separation, poor prognosis
C Lymphatic and blood lines metastasized late and grew slowly
D is divided into nodules, diffuses and hybrids on the X line
E Is sensitive to radiation chemotherapy
Q and A questions (2 x 2 points)
1. A patient, right front chest knife stabbing 20 minutes after admission, BP 100/70mmHg, P 99bpm, R 22bpm, look, chest x-line prompt right blood chest, infusion at the same time chest cavity closed drainage, when the hemorrhagic fluid 30 0ml, after 1 hour lead 200ml, 2 hours 150ml, 3 hours 50ml, review chest x-line prompts lung shadow range expansion, BP 95/65mmHg, P 105bpm, R 26bpm, what is the most appropriate disposition at this time? Why?
2. What are the surgical contraindications of lung cancer?
1. Single-choice question (10 x 1 point)
1. Which of the following is not involved in the cerebrospinal fluid cycle:
A. Side ventricle
B. Three ventricle
C. Four ventricle
D. Fifth Ventrital
E. Sinus
2. Which cranial nerve is not seen as follows after the etymony sinuses:
A: Optic Nerve
B: Facial nerves
C: Hearing nerve
D: Trident
E: Show Nerve
3. Brown-Sequard syndrome is common
A. Guillain-Barre syndrome
B. Acute myelitis
C. Acute epidural abscess
D. Myelin tumor sofel in the spinal cord
E. Spinal cavity
4. When the temporal lobe hooks back to the crucible, the change of the pupil with positioning significance is
A. Suffering from gradual enlargement of the lateral pupil
B. Suffering from a gradual reduction of the side pupil
C. Two-sided pupil dispersion
D. Two-sided pupil reduction
E. Two-sided pupil size variable
5. Which of the following is not a routine preoperative examination of spinal cord tumors:
A. Electrocardiogram
B. Urine flow dynamics
C. Electromyogram Check
D. Spinal vascular CTA
E. Spinal magnetic resonance
6. Male patients, 30 years old, right trident nerve pain 4 years, had 2 trigeminal nerve closure, the effect is not apparent, in the last 3 months and then appeared side tinnitus, head CT found, the right bridge cerebellum corner area diameter 3 cm low density accounting, clear contour, irregular shape, no obvious reinforcement, the most likely diagnosis
A. Meningioma
B. hearing neuroma
C. Trident neuroblastoma
D. Epidermistic cysts
E. Teratoma
7. Intracranial metastatic tumors on the screen are most common
A. Front al
B. Pillow leaves
C. Temporal lobesD. Parietal
E. Viewhill
8. What damage is found in the area of the naming aphasia
A. Top pillow junction
B. Pillow junction
C. Cross back
D. Wernicke District
E. Broca District
9. Endotheriostomy of the inner artery, the following description is inappropriate
A. 50% narrow intracavity diameter, i.e. surgical treatment
B. More than the mastexacis tip - the lesions connected above the jaw angle, the extracranial surgery can not be reached
C. Hardened plaques are mostly located at the division of the total artery of the cartothe.
D. Two-sided carotid artery stenosis, first on the asymptomatic side
E. One side is narrow, side-closed, only narrow side surgery.
10. Which of the following concepts is inappropriate with regard to aneurysm surgery
A. In some cases, one side of the rear traffic artery can be permanently blocked
B. Pre-traffic aneurysms can act with pulse tumor isolation
C. In some cases, the apron A1 section of the front artery of one side of the brain can be cut off to facilitate the clamping of the base aneurysm
D. In some cases, the p1 section of the later artery of one side of the brain can be permanent
E. For aneurysms that combine large hematoma, hematoma can be removed before aneurysms can be treated
First, indeterminate choice questions (2.5 points, 0.5 points per question)
1 The typical three major symptoms of kidney cancer are: a
A Hephaeout, pain and lumps B hematuria, pain and hypertension C high blood calcium, pain and hypertension D high blood calcium, pain and lumps E wasting, anemia and weakness
2 bladder triangle area has titpapillomasis (T1 stage), tumor diameter is less than 2cm, treatment should be selected: a
A Partial removal of C bladder total removal D chemotherapy E radiation therapy by urethra electrocution or electro-burning B bladder
3, prostate hyperplasia the earliest symptoms are: a
A Urine frequency B urine acute C urine pain D blood urine E urination difficulty
4, bladder cancer the most accurate diagnosis: e
A Ultrasound B CT C IVP D MRI E Cystoscopy
5, bladder irritation refers to: abe
A urine frequency B urine urgency C urinary incontinence D urination difficulty E urinary pain
Second, fill in the blank slot (2.5 points, 0.5 points per empty)
1, urinary incontinence is often divided into real urinary incontinence, (false), (stress), (urgency).
2, 21F of the urethra has a circumfermofness (21mm) and a diameter of 7mm.
II. Essay questions (5 points)
Treatment principles of urinary tract stones on both sides.
Orthopedic
1. Fascia syndrome:
A series of early symptoms and signs of the fascia's internal muscles and nerves, formed by the bone, intertetymony, muscle spacing and deep fascia, due to acute ischemia and hypoxia
2, the waist disc highlights the most joint, the second one: L4-L5;
3. What is the most dead fracture: pelvic fracture
4, hip pain release which joint: knee joint
Plastic Surgery
1. The angle between the ear profile and the side wall of the skull exceeds 30 degrees
2. Slow progress is not the tendency of pigmentation and bad change
3. Anti-tb treatment when cold abscess of neck lymphatic tuberculosis is not formed
4. Tibia amputation does not include stitching fixation
Noun interpretation:
Shamc asphyxia
Traumatic asphyxia is a relatively rare syndrome in closed chest injuries caused by blunt sexual violence on the upper body of extensive skin, mucous membranes, endcacaamongacs and hemorrhagic damage.
dento-maxillofacial demormies
Jaw deformity refers to the volume and shape of the jaw bone growth caused by abnormalities in the genetic (genetic) system in the patient' body, as well as the abnormality of the jaw volume and shape, as well as the abnormality between the upper and lower jaws and their relationship with other bones in the skull and the accompanying dental relationship and the abnormal function of the jaw system, the appearance is characterized by abnormal jaw shape.
Answer:
Basic principles of plastic surgery:
(1) Strict sterile operation
(2) Reducing tissue damage
(3) Eliminate the dead cavity gap and prevent hematoma
(4) Moderate tension stitching
Facial nerve extracranial branches include: shin, cheek, jaw, neck.
Neurosurgery
The name of the solution
1. foster-kennedy syndrome
Frontal base syndrome
2. Battle Sign
When the fracture of the skull's back arm is tired and the outside of the hind umsin, he has a haemophilia in the subcutaneous hematoma on 1 to 2 days after the injury, known as the Battle.
Answer
1. Content and clinical significance of GCS ratings
Eye-opening reaction
4 - Spontaneous eye opening
3 - Language commands to open your eyes
2 - Pain stimulates eye opening
1 - No eye opening
Language reaction
5 - Normal conversation
4 - Verbal disorders
3 - Only say (inappropriately) words
2 - Can only be pronounced
1 - No pronunciation
Motion reaction
6 - Act as you are told
5 - Positioning response to pain stimulation
4 - Flexing response to pain stimulation
3 - Abnormal bending (demymal state)
2 - Abnormal stretching (de-brain state)
1 - No reaction
Meaning: Light 13-15, after injury coma time 20min; medium 9-12 minutes, post-injury coma 20min-6h; heavy 3-8 after injury coma 6h, or 24h after injury consciousness deterioration and coma 6h
2. Hunt-Hess rating content
Level 1: Asymptomatic or mild headache or mild neck stiffness
Level 2: medium-heavy headache, neck straight, except for cranial nerve paralysis, no other loss of nerve function
Level 3: drowsiness, confusion, or slight loss of lesions of nerve function
Level 4: wood stiff, moderate to severe side not paralysis, may have early de-brain stiffness and plant neurofunctional disorders
Level 5: Deep coma, brain straight, near death
If there are serious systemic disorders such as: hypertension, diabetes, severe atherosclerosis, chronic pulmonary disease and arterial imaging with severe vascular spasms to add one level
3. Three main types of cerebral palsy: cerebellum stoma, large hole in the pillowbone, cerebral palsy
Outside the Heart
Blanks:Pharoah: right ventricular hypertrophy, aortic riding span, pulmonary artery stenosis, ventricular spacing
Two-tip valve narrow parting: diaphragm type, diaphragm thickening type, diaphragm funnel type, funnel type (two-tip valve device: flap, valve ring, tendon, nipple muscle)
The name of the solution
Eisenmanger syndrome
Pulmonary arterial pressure is equal to body arterial pressure, pulmonary arterial resistance increases severely (800dyn.s/cm5) and bidirectional shunt through chamber interval defects
Answer
Anticoagulant strategy after coronary bypass
After surgery 6h (the premise of not a small flow after the chest bone) is given aspirin (100mg-375mg), clopidogrel (75mg) double antiplatelet anticoagulant, and it is recommended to use double antiplatelet therapy one year after surgery, it is recommended that no clear taboo stake long-term aspirin antiplatelet therapy
Outside (current version)
Noun interpretation:
PPPD
Pancreatic duodenum ectomy (PPPD) that retains the giter's claustrophobia
retizus veins:
The door vein system belongs to the spleen veins, intestinal membrane, lower veins part of the small veins (such as ascending colon, lower colon, liver bare region, pancreas and diduointestinal and other organs of the restofable part of the small vein), after the peritoneum with the ventricular veins of the cavity vein system, low rib after the veins, sub-intestinal veins and testicacid (ovary) veins, etc., It can also be a way of side-branching cycles. These small veins, located behind the peritoneal, together with the door veins and cavity veins, are collectively known as retizus veins
TIPS, through the intra-cervical venous liver intervening venous flow, with interventional methods to treat the door vein hypertension, in the liver to form a door vein and liver venous diversion, reduce the pressure of the door vein. Mainly used in patients with unsurgical door veins, such as Buga syndrome
P-J syndrome
Also known as pigmentation polyps syndrome, which is combined with digestive polyps by the skin mucosa black spots, is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease. Polyps are frequent, can be filled with colon and rectum, have a high cancerous tendency
Answer:
Differences in the characteristics of left and right semi-colon cancer
Right colon cancer Left colon cancer
The nature of the lump bulge type is more common, more commonly seen, immersion type
Transfer occurred, late, early.
Abdominal lumps can have less, occasional diagnosis found
Systemic symptoms Heavy
Anemia can be rare
Stool diving blood, more than many
Intestinal obstruction is not common.
Surgical mode, phase one or two, phase II surgery, mainly
Gate traffic branch: esophagus vein suk, rectal vein clump, retizus vein clump, umbilical venous network
Thyroid hyperactivity, diagnosis, treatment
Performance: up and down, high heat sweat, delirium coma
Diagnosis:
Treatment: Applying sedatives, cooling, oxygen absorption, maintaining hydrolyzed electrolyte balance, iodine, epinephrine blockers (blood level, propranolol), hydrodesication can be pine
Hyperkalemia manifestations, diagnosis, treatment
Performance: neuromuscular system - limb weakness, feeling abnormal
Central Nervous System - Blurred Mind
Heart - heart movement is slow, heart rhythm is not the same
Acid-base balance - high potassium acidosis, abnormal alkaline urine
Diagnosis: Serum potassium , 5.5mmol/L, and clinical manifestations that cannot be explained by the original disease
Treatment: Discontinuing potassium-containing drugs
Promotes potassium transfer into cells: static injection of sodium bicarbonate solution, infusion of glucose and insulin
Cation exchange resin
Peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis
Calcium supplementation: static injection 10% calcium gluconate solution 20 ml
Urology
First, indeterminate choice questions (25 points, 0.5 points per question)
1. Bladder irritation means (ABE)
A urine frequency B urine acute C urine incontinence D urination difficulty E urine pain
2 Bladder triangle area has titpapillomasis (T1 stage), tumor diameter is less than 2cm, treatment should be selected (A)
A By urethra electrocution or electro-burning B bladder partial removal C bladder total removal D chemotherapy E radiation therapy
3. The earliest symptoms of prostate hyperplasia are (A)
A urine frequency B urine acute C urine pain D blood urine E urination difficulty
4 Typical three major symptoms of kidney cancer (A)
A hematuria, pain and lumps B hematuria, pain and monk blood c high blood calcium, pain and hypertension D high blood calcium, pain
Pain and lumps E wasting, anemia and weakness
5, bladder cancer the most accurate diagnosis (E)
A Ultrasound B CT C IVP D MRI E Cystoscopy
Second, fill in the blank s (25 points, 0.5 points per empty)
1. Urinary incontinence is often divided into true urinary incontinence, (false urinary incontinence), (stress urinary incontinence), (congenital urinary incontinence),
2, imaging, the ureter is generally divided into the upper and lower three segments, that is, (the upper edge of the kidneys to the joint), the upper edge of the joint to its lower edge and (the lower edge of the joint to the entrance to the ureter bladder).
II. Essay questions (5 points)
Treatment principles of urinary tract stones on both sides.
(1) Two-sided ureter stones, if the total kidney function is normal or in the renal function of the full compensation period, Blood creatinine value 178.0mmol/L, first to deal with the obstruction of severe side of the stone, if the total kidney function is poor, in the nitrogenemia or uremia period, first treat the kidney function of the better side of the stone, conditions allow, can be simultaneously to the side of the dermal hypnotic fistula, or at the same time to deal with double-sided stones.
(2) The objective situation of double-sided ureter stones is similar, first dealing with subjective symptoms of heavy or technically easy to deal with side stones.
(3) One side ureter stone, the other side kidney stones, first deal with ureter stones, the process of treatment is recommended to refer to the total kidney function, kidney function and the general situation of patients.
(4) Two-sided kidney stones, generally first treatment easy to deal with and safe side, if the kidney function is in the nitrogenemia or uremia period, severe obstruction, it is recommended to first dermal nephrology fistula, wait for the kidney function and the general condition of the patient to improve before treating the stone.
(5) Isolated renal urinary tract stones or double-sided urinary tract stones cause acute obstruction without urine, as long as the patient's situation permits, should be timely surgical treatment, such as can not tolerate surgery, should actively pilot the ureter reverse intubation or dermal hytrial fistula, wait for the general situation of the patient to improve before choosing appropriate treatment methods.
(6) For patients with renal function in the stage of uremia, and have hydrolyse electrolyte and acid-base balance disorder, it is recommended to advance hemodialysis, as soon as possible to correct the disorder of their internal environment, and at the same time carry the urethra retrograde intubation or transdermal renal puncture fistula, drain the kidneys, wait until the condition is stable and then treat stones
External part (answers only)
Select questions
1. Hand and foot convulsions are not a post-operative threat;
2. There is no relationship between asphyxia and postoperative stress after most of the thyroid excision;
3. Breast cancer patients breast dimple sage ------ Cooper ligament tumor invasion;
4. The difference between the inlaid tonnander and the stranded crucible is the blood transport;
5. The most important cause of the onset of abdominal palaeontise is the weakness of the abdominal wall;
6. Secondary peritonitis abdominal pain is characterized by severe persistent total abdominal pain with significant primary hair;
7. High intestinal obstruction vomiting characteristics: early and frequent;
8. The first symptoms of colon cancer are changes in the shape of feces for defecation habits;
9. Rupture of varicose veins of esophageal gastric cancer occurs in the lower section of the esophagus and the bottom of the stomach;
10. Insulin B cells secrete insulin
Fill in the blanks
Small intestine folding symptoms: abdominal pain, jam-like blood, abdominal lumps
Charcot Triple March: Severe Pain in the Upper Abdomen, High Heat, Jaundice
Extra-abdominal type: irritable, difficult to resonate, inlaid, narrow,, child
Noun interpretation
Calot triangle: also known as gallbladder triangle, is a triangular area of the liver tube, the lower edge of the liver and the gallbladder tube. Among them walk gallbladder artery, liver right artery, gallbladder lymph nodes and para-right liver tube. The gallbladder triangle is a dangerous area where the gallbladder is easily mistakenly injured during the removal of the gallbladder.
Mirizzi syndrome: refers to a series of symptoms characterized by bile duct inflammation and obstructive jaundice due to the compression or inflammatory effect selithes of the gallbladder neck or gallbladder tube stones and/or other benign lesions causing varying degrees of obstruction of the liver or gallbladder.
Short answer:
Contraindications for the surgical treatment of meth:
A: Adolescents with mild symptoms, elderly patients or those with severe infectious diseases who cannot tolerate surgery are surgical contraindications.
Methods of surgical treatment for breast cancer:
A: 1. Breast cancer root surgery; 2. Breast cancer enlargement surgery; 3. Breast cancer improvement root surgery; 4. full mastectomy; 5. Breast cancer root surgery to retain breasts; 6. outpost lymph node biopsy
Case question
Acute pancreatitis
Complications: 1. Acute fluid build-up; 2. Acute necrosis accumulation; 3. pancreatic false cyst; 4. packagene; 5. pancreatic abscess; 6. Other: thoracic fluid, gastrointestinal obstruction, digestive fistula, spleen vein or venous thrombosis.
The outer part of the chest
Single-choice question (1 x 6 points)
1. Esophageal in situ cancer means (A) confined to the mucous membrane
2. On the sixth day after the endothel of esophageal cancer, chest tightness, dyspnea, high fever, white blood cell 19G/L, which of the following complications is likely to be (B) consistent fistula
3. The following description of teratoma is correct (B) the tissue often contained in the epidermis, dermis and sebum glands
4. Patients have difficulty swallowing for 3 years, sometimes difficult to eat, X-ray meal perspective, the lower end of the esophagus is bird-like narrow, upper esophagus expansion, diagnosis is (C) septum delay
5. Male, 60 years old, cough, sputum with blood for 2 months, chest tablets show right lung upper lobe front door 6 x 6cm lump, irregular form, edge burr, for the determination of diagnosis, should (A) bronchoscopy
6. With regard to GGO, the most accurate description below is (C) that the lymphatic and blood lines metastasized late and slow growth
Questions and answers (2 x 2 points)
1. A patient with a knife wound to the right chest, ask the most appropriate disposition at this time? Why?
A: Because the patient has previously carried out chest closed drainage and rehydration treatment, there is still blood pressure instability, heart rate increase, breathing rate accelerated, indicating the existence of the possibility of sexual blood chest, should be urgently open chest examination.
2. Contratrasins of surgical treatment for lung cancer
A: 1. distant transfer, such as brain, bone, liver and other organ transfer (i.e. M1 patients);
2. Patients with incomplete heart, lung, liver and kidney function and poor general condition;
3. Extensive pulmonary door lymph nodes, vertical lymph nodes metastasis, can not be removed;
4. Serious violations of surrounding organs and tissues, estimated to be difficult to remove;
5. Transfer of the lymph nodes outside the chest, such as lymph node stoic stoush transfer on the clavicle (N3).
The urinary part
Indeterminate choice question (0.5 x 5 points)
1. The three characteristics of kidney cancer typically refer to (A) hematuria, pain and lumps
2. Bladder triangle area has titpapillomasis (T1 stage), tumor diameter is less than 2cm, treatment should be selected (A) by urethra electrocution or electrocution
3. The earliest symptoms of prostate hyperplasia are (A) urinary frequency
4. The most accurate diagnosis of bladder cancer (E) cystoscopy
5. Bladder irritation refers to (ABE) urinary frequency, rapid urine, urinary pain
Fill in the blanks (0.5 x 5 points)
1, urinary incontinence is often divided into real urinary incontinence, overflowing urinary incontinence, acute urinary incontinence, pressure urinary incontinence
2, 21F of the catheter circumferation of 21cm, diameter of 7cm
Essay questions (5 points)
Treatment principles of urinary tract stones on both sides
A: 1. One side ureter stone merge son kidney stones, first deal with ureter stones;
2. When the objective situation of two-sided ureter stones is similar, the subjective symptoms should be dealt with first on the heavier or technically easier to deal with, and the patients with systemic conditions can also deal with both sides at the same time;
3. If the total kidney function is normal, the stone on the side of the kidney function is poor, the obstruction should be lifted as soon as possible; if the total kidney function is poor, the side of the kidney function should be treated first, and the opposite side dermal hemorrine fistula can also be done;
4. When acute complete obstruction caused by isolated urinary tract stones or double-sided urinary tract stones is free of urine, once the diagnosis is clear, as long as the patient's whole body condition permits, surgery shall be carried out in a timely manner. If the disease is serious, can not tolerate surgery, should also be piloted ureter intubation, through the stone after the retention catheter drainage;
Shaping part
Fill in the blank questions (1 question, 1 point per empty, 1 point)
Repair 1cm2 baldarea scalp expansion capacity (3.5-5 ml).
Multiple choice questions (1 question, 1 point per empty, 1 point).
Which of the following blood supply types belong to the shaft flaps (ABCDE)
A. Direct deraisy
B. myocardial artery
C. Well-known arterial stem branch arteries
D. Interstitial arteries
E. End-of-the-end dermal artery
Judgment questions (1 question, 1 point per empty, 1 point)
After the procedure of the cut-off heavy bleplast, the width of the two eyelids wrinkled varies, the most critical reason is that the skin and the plate stitchfixed fixed height on both sides. (Yes)
Noun interpretation (1 question, 2 points)
Lefort Type I Fracture
Also known as a lower upper jaw fracture or horizontal fracture. The fracture line extends from the pear hole level, the upper side level of the tooth groove to the upper jaw wing slit, resulting in a third of the fracture slab under the upper jaw, including the slot, the jaw bone and the upper jaw knot.
Five, short answer questions (a total of 1 questions, 5 points per empty, a total of 5 points)
Surgical principle of congenital double lip?
A: 1. Use the entire front lip to form the part of the lip or upper lip;
2. Use the lip red of the front lip tissue as a lining after flipping it;
3. The lip red on the front lip will be recreated with the muscle-bound lip red lobes on both sides;
4. The lip red ridge in the middle will come from the lip tissue on both sides;
5. Try not to place the skin on both sides of the lip to the lower part of the front lip;
6. Use surgery or non-surgical method to reverse the front jaw bone of the front extotee, can better repair the high tension of the double-sided complete cleft lip
7. For the front jaw of the forepostaando and the upper jaw of the two sides that retract in the rear, the arch bone should be corrected and enlarged by orthodontic
Extra-heart part (answeronly)1. Common parts of chamber interval defects: membrane circumculite
2. Common venous bridges for bridging: large hidden veins
3. Common arterial bridges for bridging: intra-milk arteries
4. Chamber interval defect murmur nature: left edge of the sternum 3-4 rib contraction period murmur
5. Arterial catheter unclosed murmur nature: continuity mechanical murmur between the second ribs on the left edge of the thoracic bone
6. The most meaningful examination of the narrowness of the two-tip flap: cardioechography
7. Narrow murmurnature of two-tip flaps: the consonant murmurs of the tip of the heart
8. Malformations not covered by Law IV: room gap defects
9. Malformations of the common companion of room interval defects: pulmonary vein atopic drainage
10. Common causes of thoracic aneurysms:
Neurosurgery
Single-choice question (10 x 1 point)
1. Which of the following is not involved in the cerebrospinal fluid cycle D. Fifth Ventrital
2. After entering the road of the b-sinus, you can't see which cranial nerve A: optic nerve
3. Brown-Sequard syndrome is common in D. Myelin tumor sofel in the spinal cord
4. When the temporal lobe hooks back to the crucible, the change of the pupil with positioning significance is A. Suffering from gradual enlargement of the lateral pupil
5. Which of the following is not a routine preoperative examination of spinal cord tumors: B. Urine flow dynamics
6. Male patients, 30 years old, right trident nerve pain 4 years, had 2 trigeminal nerve closure, the effect is not apparent, in the last 3 months and then appeared side tinnitus, head CT found that the right bridge cerebellum corner area diameter 3 cm low density accountability, clear contour, irregular shape, no significant reinforcement, the most likely diagnosis B. hearing neuroma
7. Intracranial metastatic tumors on the screen are most common in A. Front al
8. Nonameal aphasia is seen in which part of the injury B. Pillow junction
9. Endotheriostomy of the inner artery, the following description is inappropriate D. Two-sided carotid artery stenosis, first on the asymptomatic side
10. With regard to aneurysm surgery, which of the following concepts is inappropriate B. Pre-traffic aneurysms can act with pulse tumor isolation
Outside
Select question:
1. Thyroid risk after meldonium, which of the following is not its manifestation ()
A delirium B irritability C heart rate accelerates D hand and foot convulsions
2. Breathing difficulties and asphyxia after most of the thyroid excision are not related to which of the following factors ()
A surgical trauma of stress-induced danger B incision internal bleeding compressed trachea C trachea softened collapse D throat edema
3. Causes of dimple symptoms in breast cancer patients ()
A epidermis b surrounding tissue or skin is tired of c nipple deep cancer ouserand and breast tube-induced nipple dent D cancer intrudens the cooper ligament to make the skin suncave
4. The difference between the inlay and the stranded crucible ()
A sac with out of pressure B slug content can not be returned to the C slug content whether there is blood transport disorder D whether there is a manifestation of mechanical intestinal obstruction
5. The most important cause of the onset of abdominal palaeontise ()
A chronic cough B long-term constipation C often engaged in work leading to increased abdominal pressure D abdominal wall has weak points or abdominal wall defects
6. Secondary pain of secondary peritonitis is characterized by ()
A burst of full abdominal colic B gradually aggravated the burst of abdominal pain C severe persistent full abdominal pain, the original part significantly D high fever after full abdominal pain
7. High intestinal obstruction vomiting characteristics ()
A early vomiting and frequent B vomiting occur slater and less C vomiting is spillover D vomit is blood or sepia liquid
8. The first symptoms of colon cancer are ()
A abdominal pain B abdominal lump C intestinal obstruction D defecation habits and changes in fecal traits
9. Multiple areas of ruptured and bleeding in the stomach-end varicose veins of the esophagus are ()
A on the esophagus 1/3 B esophagus medium section C esophagus 1/3 and stomach bottom D under the esophagus 1/3
10. Insulin is mainly secreted by cells of the pancreas ()
A B cell B D cell C A cell D G cells
Fill in the blanks
1. Three typical symptoms of small intestine stacking:
Abdominal pain, blood, abdominal lumps
2. Charcot Triple March:
Abdominal pain, cold high fever, jaundice
3. Clinical types of abdominal extrecital:
Resuscitation, resuscitation, inlay, narrow-slicing
Noun interpretation:
1.Calot Triangle
That is, the gallbladder triangle, composed of gallbladder tube, liver tube, liver lower edge of the triangular area, gallbladder artery, liver right artery, secondary right liver tube often through this area.
2. Mirrizzi syndrome
Is a special type of gallbladder stone, is the gallbladder tube and the liver tube accompanied by too long or the gallbladder tube and the liver tube confluence position is too low, continued embedded in the gallbladder neck and larger gallbladder stones compress the liver tube, causing the liver tube stenosis; Clinical features are repeated episodes of gallbladderitis and bile ductitis, and obvious obstructive jaundice.
Short answer:
1. Surgical contraindications of hyperthyroidism
1. Adolescent patients; 2. Mild symptoms; 3. Elderly patients or those with severe instrumental diseases who cannot tolerate surgery.
2. What are the surgical treatments for breast cancer?
1. Breast cancer root surgery, 2. Breast cancer enlargement root surgery, 3. breast cancer improvement root surgery, 4. full mastectomy, 5.breast removal of breast retention, 6. outpost lymph node biopsy and lymph node sweep
Case analysis:
1. Preliminary diagnosis
Acute pancreatitis, acute peritonitis, intestinal paralysis
2. Local complications of the disease
1. Pancreatic and pancreatic tissue necrosis, 2. pancreatic and pancreatic abscesses, 3. pancreatic pseudocystacs, 4. gastrointestinal fistula, 5. Bleeding
Urology
First, indeterminate choice questions (2.5 points, 0.5 points per question)
1 The typical three major symptoms of kidney cancer refer to: A
A Hephaeout, pain and lumps B hematuria, pain and hypertension C high blood calcium, pain and hypertension D high blood calcium, pain and lumps E wasting, anemia and weakness
2 bladder triangle area has titpapillomasis (T1 stage), tumor diameter less than 2cm, treatment should be selected: A
A Partial removal of C bladder total removal D chemotherapy E radiation therapy by urethra electrocution or electro-burning B bladder
3, prostate hyperplasia the earliest symptoms are: A
A Urine frequency B urine acute C urine pain D blood urine E urination difficulty
4, bladder cancer the most accurate diagnosis: E
A Ultrasound B CT C IVP D MRI E Cystoscopy
5. Bladder irritation refers to: ABE
A urine frequency B urine urgency C urinary incontinence D urination difficulty E urinary pain
Second, fill in the blank slot (2.5 points, 0.5 points per empty)
1, urinary incontinence is often divided into real urinary incontinence, (stressurinoin), (urgent urinary incontinence), (overflow urinary incontinence).
2, 21F of the urethra has a circumfermofness (21mm) and a diameter of 7mm.
II. Essay questions (5 points)
Treatment principles of urinary tract stones on both sides.
(1) When a double-sided ureter stone is done, the severe side of the obstruction is first treated.
(2) Kidney stones on one side and ureter stones on the other side first to deal with ureter stones.
(3) When two-sided kidney stones, in the premise of retaining the kidneys as much as possible, the first treatment of easy side, kidney function is very poor when it is appropriate to advance skin kidney leakage.
(4) Isolated renal urinary tract stones or double-sided urinary tract obstruction caused by acute complete obstruction without urine when timely surgery. When the whole body condition does not allow, the tube drain age or the skin and kidney leakage should be placed.
Thoracic surgery
One, single-choice question (1 x 6 points)
1. Esophageal in situ cancer refers to (A)
A limited to the mucous membrane
B limited to intramuscular
C Uninvaded and esophagus whole layer
D not invaded the esophagus wall for a week
E over the lower mucous membrane
2. On the sixth day after the endothel of esophageal cancer, chest tightness, dyspnea, high fever, white blood cell 19G/L, the following complications are highly likely (B)
A Pneumonia
B-match mouth fistula
C incision infection
D breast milk breast
E celiac infection
3. The following description of teratoma is correct (B)
A teratoma is mostly cystic, with different sizes, not more than the number of cystic cavity
B teratoma often contains tissues such as epidermis, dermis and sebum glands
C teratoma is the vast majority of malignant, benign accounted for about 10%
D teratoma is mostly located in the upper vertical, so it is often necessary to identify with the thoracic bone
E teratoma comes from new embryo layer
4. Patient swallowing difficulty for 3 years, sometimes into the flow of food is also difficult, X-ray meal perspective, the lower end of the esophagus is bird mouth-like narrow, upper esophagus expansion, diagnosis is (C)
A esophagus benign tumor
B esophageal itis
C-door delay
D esophagus diverticulite
E esophagus under the septum door cancer
5. Male, 60 years old, cough, sputum with blood for 2 months, chest tablets show right lung upper lung door 6cm x 6cm lump, irregular form, edge burr, for the determination of diagnosis, should be: (A)
A Broncoscopy
B Chest mirror examination
C Sputum cytological examination
D Chest profiling
E Review chest tablets after 2 weeks of antibiotic treatment
6. With regard to GGO, the following description is most accurate (C)
A belongs to small cell lung cancer, grows rapidly and metastasizes earlier
B belongs to large cell lung cancer, low degree of separation, poor prognosis
C Lymphatic and blood lines metastasized late and grew slowly
D is divided into nodules, diffuses and hybrids on the X line
E Is sensitive to radiation chemotherapy
Q and A questions (2 x 2 points)
1. A patient, right front chest knife stabbing 20 minutes after admission, BP 100/70mmHg, P 99bpm, R 22bpm, look, chest x-line prompt right blood chest, infusion at the same time chest cavity closed drainage, when the hemorrhagic fluid 30 0ml, after 1 hour lead 200ml, 2 hours 150ml, 3 hours 50ml, review chest x-line prompts lung shadow range expansion, BP 95/65mmHg, P 105bpm, R 26bpm, what is the most appropriate disposition at this time? Why?
Answer: Emergency departmentopens chest surgery.
Patients can currently be diagnosed as carrying blood chest: a continuous rehydration at the same time life indicators did not significantly improve, prompting sexual bleeding;
2. What are the surgical contraindications of lung cancer?
Answer: 1. Distant transfer, such as brain, liver, bone and other organ transfer
2. Patients with incomplete cardiopulmonary liver and kidney function and poor overall condition
3. Extensive pulmonary door, vertical lymph node stoustos, unable to remove
4. Serious violations of peripheral organs and tissues, estimated to be difficult to remove
5. Peripheral lymph node stoic transfer, such as collarbone, lung removal should be careful
Neurosurgery
One. Single-choice question (10 x 1 point)
1. Which of the following is not involved in cerebrospinal fluid cycle D
A. Side ventricle
B. Three ventricle
C. Four ventricle
D. Fifth Ventrital
E. Sinus
2. Which cranial nerve A is not visible after the b-sinuses
A: Optic Nerve
B: Facial nerves
C: Hearing nerve
D: Trident
E: Show Nerve
3. Brown-Sequard syndrome is common in DA. Guillain-Barre syndrome
B. Acute myelitis
C. Acute epidural abscess
D. Myelin tumor sofel in the spinal cord
E. Spinal cavity
4. When the temporal lobe hooks back to the crucible, the change of the pupil with positioning significance is A
A. Suffering from gradual enlargement of the lateral pupil
B. Suffering from a gradual reduction of the side pupil
C. Two-sided pupil dispersion
D. Two-sided pupil reduction
E. Two-sided pupil size variable
5. Which of the following is not a routine preoperative examination of spinal cord tumors: B
A. Electrocardiogram
B. Urine flow dynamics
C. Electromyogram Check
D. Spinal vascular CTA
E. Spinal magnetic resonance
6. Male patients, 30 years old, right trident nerve pain 4 years, had 2 trigeminal nerve closure, the effect is not apparent, in the last 3 months and then appeared side tinnitus, head CT found, the right bridge cerebellum corner area diameter 3 cm low density accounting, clear contour, irregular shape, no obvious reinforcement, the most likely diagnosis B
A. Meningioma
B. hearing neuroma
C. Trident neuroblastoma
D. Epidermistic cysts
E. Teratoma
7. Intracranial metastatic tumors on the screen are most common in A
A. Front al
B. Pillow leaves
C. Temporal lobes
D. Parietal
E. Viewhill
8. Nonameal aphasia is seen in which part of the damage D
A. Top pillow junction
B. Pillow junction
C. Cross back
D. Wernicke District
E. Broca District
9. Endotheriostomy of the inner artery, the following description is inappropriate D
A. 50% narrow intracavity diameter, i.e. surgical treatment
B. More than the mastexacis tip - the lesions connected above the jaw angle, the extracranial surgery can not be reached
C. Hardened plaques are mostly located at the division of the total artery of the cartothe.
D. Two-sided carotid artery stenosis, first on the asymptomatic side
E. One side is narrow, side-closed, only narrow side surgery.
10. Which of the following concepts is inappropriate b for aneurysm surgery
A. In some cases, one side of the rear traffic artery can be permanently blocked
B. Pre-traffic aneurysms can act with pulse tumor isolation
C. In some cases, the apron A1 section of the front artery of one side of the brain can be cut off to facilitate the clamping of the base aneurysm
D. In some cases, the p1 section of the later artery of one side of the brain can be permanent
E. For aneurysms that combine large hematoma, hematoma can be removed before aneurysms can be treated
Plastic surgery (answers for reference only)
First, fill in the blank questions (a total of 1 questions, 1 point per empty, a total of 1 point)
1, repair 1cm2 bald area of the scalp expansion capacity of (5 ml).
Two. Multiple choice questions (1 question, 1 point per empty, 1 point).
1. Which of the following blood supply types (ABD) belong to the shaft flaps
A. Direct deraisy
B. myocardial artery
C. Well-known arterial stem branch arteries
D. Interstitial artery
E. End-of-the-end dermal artery
Third, judgment questions (1 question, 1 point per empty, 1 point)
1, after the procedure of cutting heavy bleplasts appear two eyelid srinkling width softened, the most critical reason is that the skin and the eyelid plate stitching fixed height on both sides of the difference. (Yes)
Four, noun interpretation (a total of 1 questions, 2 points per empty, a total of 2 points)
1, Lefort Type I Fracture
Also known as a lower upper jaw fracture or horizontal fracture. The fracture line extends from the pear hole level and the upper side level of the tooth groove to the upper jaw wing.
Five, short answer questions (a total of 1 questions, 5 points per empty, a total of 5 points)
1. The surgical principle of congenital double lip?
Out of the Heart (Answers Only)
1. Common parts of chamber interval defects: membrane circumculite
2. Common venous bridges for bridging: large hidden veins
3. Common arterial bridges for bridging: intra-milk arteries
4. Chamber interval defect murmur nature: left edge of the sternum 3-4 rib contraction period murmur
5. Arterial catheter unclosed murmur nature: continuity mechanical murmur between the second ribs on the left edge of the thoracic bone
6. The most meaningful examination of the narrowness of the two-tip flap: cardioechography
7. Narrow murmurnature of two-tip flaps: the consonant murmurs of the tip of the heart
8. Malformations not covered by Law IV: room gap defects
9. Malformations of the common companion of room interval defects: pulmonary vein atopic drainage
10. Common causes of thoracic aneurysms:
China Medical University 2018 and 2019 Graduate Examination
Master's degree in academic surgery (A)
Select questions (1 point per question, 5 points)
1. Which of the following are the most common injuries in the chest?
A. Broken ribs
B. Gas chest
C. Blood chest
Trauma asphyxia
E. Even the chest
2. What are the first aid measures for the tension gas chest?
A. Oxygen absorption
B. Infusions
C. Anti-shock
D. Immediate exhaust and lower inge pressure
E. Chest profiling
3. What are the typical symptoms of esophageal cancer?
A. Swallowing a terrier sensation
B. Chest burning pain
C. Difficulty in performing sexual swallowing
D. Foreign body sensations after eating
E. Persistent chest pain
4. The most reliable basis for diagnosing acute pus chest is:
A, high heat, chest pain
B, X-ray see chest dense shadow
C, white blood cell rise
D, chest wear out pus
E, antibiotic treatment is effective
5. Male, 19 years old. Chill, fever, cough ingress 3 days. Temperature 40 degrees C, X-ray chest tablets show the right lung lower leaf large dense shadow, right chest cavity fluid. Signs that should not be in a physical examination are:
A, trachea to the healthy side
B, right chest diagnosis turbid tone
C, low right chest activity
D, narrowgap of right chest ribs
E, right lung breathing tone weakened
2 Fill in the blank questions (1 point per question, 5 points)
1. The funnel chest index (F2I) is greater than 0.2?
2. Types of injury gas chests, open, closed, and tensliative.
3. The most common accompanying symptom of thymus omas is muscle weakness.
