1. General Principles & Basic Science MCQs

A 30-year-old weightlifter feels a tearing sensation in his anterior axilla while performing a heavy bench press. Examination reveals loss of the anterior axillary fold and weakness in internal rotation. Which portion of the pectoralis major is most commonly ruptured in this scenario?

A 30-year-old male presents to the emergency department following an acute knee dislocation (Schenck KD-III). Vascular exam is normal, but he exhibits a complete foot drop and inability to extend his toes. Which nerve is injured, and at what anatomic site is it most commonly tethered during this injury?

A 28-year-old weightlifter feels a sharp pop in his anterior chest while performing a heavy bench press. Examination reveals a loss of the anterior axillary fold and significant weakness with resisted internal rotation. Which anatomical portion of the pectoralis major is most commonly ruptured in this specific scenario?

A 55-year-old female presents with acute medial knee pain after feeling a 'pop' while descending stairs. MRI reveals a radial tear at the posterior horn attachment of the medial meniscus. If left untreated, what is the primary biomechanical consequence?

A 16-year-old girl presents with hip pain. Radiographs reveal acetabular dysplasia. Which of the following lateral center-edge angles (of Wiberg) is considered diagnostic for frank dysplasia in a skeletally mature patient?

A 3-year-old child is referred for evaluation of bowed legs. History reveals no dietary deficiencies; however, family history is significant for several members with bowed legs. Examination reveals genu varum, and the child is in the 5th percentile for height and weight. Laboratory studies show normal renal function, a normal calcium level, a decreased phosphate level, and an elevated alkaline phosphatase level. A plain radiograph of the lower extremities is shown in Figure 22. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 35-year-old female presents with chronic deep buttock pain. MRI shows narrowing of the space between the ischial tuberosity and the lesser trochanter, with edema in a specific muscle belly. Which muscle is most commonly compressed and pathognomonic for this condition?

When measuring the alpha angle to evaluate for Cam morphology on a Dunn lateral radiograph or MRI, an angle greater than what threshold is traditionally considered abnormal?

What is the most common nerve-related complication following hip arthroscopy due to portal placement and limb traction?

Which historical sterilization method for ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is most associated with subsequent severe oxidation, delamination, and rapid wear in THA?

The medial femoral circumflex artery (MFCA) provides the primary blood supply to the femoral head. During a posterior approach to the hip, protecting this artery is critical. Which of the following anatomic landmarks best identifies the location of the deep branch of the MFCA?

A 25-year-old unrestrained driver is involved in a high-speed motor vehicle collision and presents with a posterior hip dislocation. Upon physical examination in the emergency department, what is the classic resting position of the affected lower extremity?

During an anterior ilioinguinal approach for an acetabular fracture, the surgeon must identify and ligate the corona mortis to prevent life-threatening hemorrhage. The corona mortis represents an anastomosis between which two vascular systems?

The Smith-Petersen approach to the hip utilizes a true internervous plane. Which of the following accurately describes the muscular and neurologic intervals for the superficial dissection?

A patient with a posterior hip dislocation subsequently develops a sciatic nerve palsy. Which component of the sciatic nerve is most frequently and severely injured in this scenario, and what is the primary clinical manifestation?

A 55-year-old female presents with chronic lateral hip pain that is refractory to conservative management. Physical examination reveals a positive Trendelenburg sign and weakness with resisted hip abduction. MRI is most likely to show pathology involving which structure?

When utilizing the ilioinguinal approach for an anterior acetabular fracture, three 'windows' are developed. The middle window provides access to the pelvic brim. What structures define the medial and lateral borders of this middle window?

A surgeon is performing a Kocher-Langenbeck approach for a posterior wall acetabular fracture. Which combination of intraoperative limb positioning is most effective for protecting the sciatic nerve from stretch injury during retraction?

A patient is scheduled for surgical excision of heterotopic ossification (HO) following previous acetabular trauma. To prevent recurrence, postoperative prophylaxis is planned. Which of the following is the most standard prophylactic regimen?

A 25-year-old unrestrained driver sustains a dashboard injury during a collision. He presents with his right hip flexed, adducted, and internally rotated. Neurological examination reveals weak ankle dorsiflexion and decreased sensation over the dorsal foot. Which nerve division is most likely injured?