Practice Set 290 of 789
This practice set contains high-yield board review questions covering key concepts in 1. General Principles & Basic Science. Each clinical scenario is designed to test your diagnostic and management skills relevant to this subspecialty.
During an Ilioinguinal approach to the acetabulum, the "lateral window" is bounded medially by which of the following anatomical structures?
. Iliopectineal fascia
A surgeon is performing a posterolateral (Kocher) approach to the radial head. Maximal pronation of the forearm during this approach is necessary to protect which of the following neural structures?
. Posterior interosseous nerve
. Robust extra-articular blood supply from the superior and inferior medial genicular arteries
A 55-year-old smoker undergoes an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Nicotine primarily impairs tendon-to-bone healing by downregulating which of the following processes at the repair site?
. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression
. Avulsion from the tibial insertion with the distal end displaced superficial to the pes anserinus
A 28-year-old alpine skier sustains a severe valgus injury to the knee. MRI demonstrates a complete avulsion of the distal medial collateral ligament (MCL) that is flipped superficial to the pes anserinus tendons. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
. Acute surgical repair of the MCL
During the open reconstruction of a chronic medial-sided knee injury, the surgeon isolates the specific capsuloligamentous structure that serves as the primary restraint to internal tibial rotation near full extension. Which of the following structures is being addressed?
. Posterior oblique ligament
The primary static stabilizer to varus opening of the knee at 30 degrees of flexion is the:
. Fibular collateral ligament
A 50-year-old woman feels a pop in her knee while squatting. MRI shows a medial meniscus posterior root tear and 4 mm of meniscal extrusion. Which of the following best describes the biomechanical consequence of this injury?
. Loss of hoop stresses leading to altered tibiofemoral contact mechanics
A 45-year-old weightlifter feels a sudden tear in his chest while performing a heavy bench press. Examination reveals loss of the anterior axillary fold and weakness with internal rotation. The ruptured tendon typically inserts into which of the following anatomic locations?
. Lateral lip of the bicipital groove
A 30-year-old competitive powerlifter feels a sharp pop in his chest while attempting a heavy bench press. Exam reveals loss of the anterior axillary fold and weakness in internal rotation.
Where does the pectoralis major most commonly rupture in this scenario?
. Tendinous insertion onto the humerus
A 28-year-old marathon runner presents with lateral knee pain that worsens after 3 miles of running. Pain is localized to the lateral femoral epicondyle and is exacerbated when transitioning from flexion to extension at approximately 30 degrees. What is the primary pathophysiological mechanism of her condition?
. Compression of a highly innervated fat pad deep to the iliotibial tract
When performing an anterior (Smith-Petersen) approach for open reduction of a DDH, which structure is typically released at the pelvic brim rather than its insertion to protect the primary blood supply to the femoral head?
. Iliopsoas tendon
An 18-month-old girl undergoes a closed reduction trial for a dislocated right hip. Intraoperative arthrography reveals a medial dye pool measuring 7 mm. What is the most appropriate next step in management?
. Proceed immediately to open reduction
A 2-year-old boy presents with bilateral genu varum. To differentiate between physiologic bowing and infantile Blount disease, a standing AP radiograph is obtained. A metaphyseal-diaphyseal (Drennan) angle greater than which of the following values is most predictive of progression to Blount disease?
. 16 degrees
A 6-year-old boy with a history of recurrent fractures, blue sclerae, and dentinogenesis imperfecta is treated with intravenous pamidronate. What is the primary mechanism of action of this medication in the treatment of Osteogenesis Imperfecta?
. Inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption
Osteonecrosis of the large joints may develop in patients with which of the following conditions?
. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)
. Decreased incidence of volumetric wear and osteolysis
A surgeon is performing a primary total hip arthroplasty utilizing the direct anterior approach. Which of the following describes the internervous plane utilized in the superficial dissection?
. Between the sartorius and tensor fasciae latae
A surgeon performs a primary total hip arthroplasty using the direct anterior (Smith-Petersen) approach. Which of the following represents the correct superficial internervous plane utilized in this surgical approach?
. Between the sartorius (femoral nerve) and tensor fasciae latae (superior gluteal nerve)