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Ultimate Guide to Runners Knee: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention

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Runners Knee: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

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Runners Knee: What You Need to Know (2023)

Learn about runner's knee (patellofemoral pain syndrome), including its causes, symptoms, treatment options, and prevention techniques. Runner's Knee: What You Need to Know body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; background-color:

Tibial Plateau Fractures: Basic Anatomy, Mechanism, Treatment, and Complications

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Tibial Plateau Fractures: Anatomy, Classification, Treatment, and Complications

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Diaphyseal Tibial Fractures: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis

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Pelvic Ring Fractures: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis

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Pediatric Septic Hip Arthritis: What You Need to Know

Pediatric septic hip arthritis is a serious condition that occurs when bacteria infect the hip joint of a child. It can cause severe pain, swelling, redness and fever, and may lead to permanent damage to the joint or even life-threatening complications if not treated promptly. In this blog post, we

كيف تعرف ان الورك مكسور؟

! كيف تعرف ان الورك مكسور؟ تشمل مؤشرات كسر الورك وأعراضه: عدم القدرة على النهوض عند السقوط أو عدم القدرة على المشي ألم حاد في الورك أو الأربية عدم القدرة على

hip

DEVELOPMENTAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP (DDH)   This condition occurs in the perinatal period and involves displacement of the femoral head relative to the acetabulum; if untreated it disrupts the normal development of the hip joint which in the long term may lead to joint dysplasia,

Case Title: Acetabular Revision Following Two-Stage Exchange Revision Hip Arthroplasty

    Demographics   Age: 71 years Sex: Male BMI: 26.2   Relevant Past Medical History   Principal pathologies: Non-insulin-dependent diabetes, hypertension, deep venous thrombosis. Previous surgical procedures: Right total hip

Revision Hip Arthroplasty Case Title: Acetabular Augment for a Paprosky Type IIIA Acetabular Defect

Case Title: Acetabular Augment for a Paprosky Type IIIA Acetabular Defect Demographics   Age: 67 years Sex: Male BMI: 23.4   Relevant Past Medical History   Principal pathologies: Bilateral developmental hip dysplasia. Previous surgical procedures:

Revision Hip Arthroplasty Case Title: Revision THA Acetabulum Paprosky Type IIIA. ARMD with Metallosis with Severe Periacetabular Osteolysis and Co-Cr Levels >7 μg/L

 Revision THA Acetabulum Paprosky Type IIIA. ARMD with Metallosis with Severe Periacetabular Osteolysis and Co-Cr Levels >7 μg/L     Demographics   Age: 79 Sex: Male BMI: 28   Relevant Past Medical

Techniques to Manage Osteolysis Around Well-Fixed Acetabular Components

      This article discusses the causes, diagnosis and treatment options for osteolysis around well-fixed acetabular components in total hip arthroplasty. MOHAMMAD HUTAIF, EMIAL INTRODUCTION   Particle-induced osteolysis from cement, polyethylene, or metal

Revision total hip arthroplasty

Principles, Planning, and Decision Making       Revision total hip arthroplasty is complex and demanding. The stakes are high. The risks of intraoperative and postoperative complications are increased compared to primary total joint arthroplasty. To maximize the chances

Extensively Coated Stems

  Extensively Coated Stems   In 1983, the Food and Drug Administration approved the first porous-coated femoral implant for use without cement. This implant, the Anatomic Medullary Locking stem (AML, DePuy, Warsaw, IN), was characterized by a circumferentially porous-coated,

Posterolateral Approach (Including Minimally Invasive Variations)

      INDICATIONS Approaching the hip joint from a posterior direction was originally described by the German surgeon Bernard Von Langenbeck. Von Langenbeck's approach was later modified by the Swiss surgeon Theodor Kocher, who used it mainly for the treatment of

PEDIATRIC TIBIA AND FIBULA Fractures

PEDIATRIC TIBIA AND FIBULA         EPIDEMIOLOGY Tibia fractures represent the third most common pediatric long bone fracture, after femur and forearm fractures. They represent 15% of pediatric fractures. The average age of

PEDIATRIC KNEE Fractures and Dislocations

PEDIATRIC KNEE         OVERVIEW The knee is a ginglymoid (hinge) joint consisting of three articulations: patellofemoral, tibiofemoral, and tibiofibular. Under normal cyclic loading, the knee may experience up to five times body

PEDIATRIC FEMORAL SHAFT and KNEE Fractures and Dislocations

PEDIATRIC FEMORAL SHAFT         EPIDEMIOLOGY Represent 1.6% of all fractures in the pediatric population. Males are more commonly affected at a ratio of 2.6:1. Bimodal distribution of incidence: The first peak is from 2 to 4 years

FRACTURES OF THE MIDFOOT AND FOREFOOT

FRACTURES OF THE MIDFOOT AND FOREFOOT             MIDTARSAL (CHOPART) JOINT Epidemiology Injuries to the midfoot are relatively rare. The annual incidence of midfoot fractures is 3.6 per 100,000 population per

INJURIES ABOUT THE ANKLE

INJURIES ABOUT THE ANKLE         ROTATIONAL ANKLE FRACTURES Epidemiology Population-based studies suggest that the incidence of ankle fractures has increased dramatically since the early 1960s. The highest incidence of ankle fractures

TIBIA/FIBULA SHAFT Fractures

TIBIA/FIBULA SHAFT Fractures         EPIDEMIOLOGY Fractures of the tibia and fibula shaft are the most common long bone fractures. In an average population, there are about 26 tibial diaphyseal fractures per 100,000 population per

TIBIAL PLATEAU Fractures

TIBIAL PLATEAU Fractures         EPIDEMIOLOGY Tibial plateau fractures constitute 1% of all fractures and 8% of fractures in the elderly. Isolated injuries to the lateral plateau account for 55% to 70% of tibial plateau fractures, as

PATELLA AND EXTENSOR MECHANISM INJURIES

PATELLA AND EXTENSOR MECHANISM INJURIES             PATELLAR FRACTURES Epidemiology Represent 1% of all skeletal injuries Male-to-female ratio 2:1 Most common age group 20 to 50 years old Bilateral

FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES

FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES         EPIDEMIOLOGY More than 250,000 hip fractures occur in the United States each year (50% involve the femoral neck). This number is projected to double by the year 2050. Eighty percent occur in women. This

CASE 50 syndesmotic injury

A 43-year-old woman complains of right ankle pain and inability to bear weight after she slipped and fell while walking down her driveway. AP and lateral radiographs of the right ankle are shown

CASE 42 patellar fractures

A 48-year-old woman presents to the emergency department complaining of acute left knee pain and inability to bear weight after falling on a flexed knee. She is unable to perform a straight leg raise. Figure 6–45A and B shows a lateral and AP radiographs of her left

case 29 subtrochanteric femur fractures

An 84-year-old female presents to her family practice physician with thigh pain for the past 3 months. On further discussion with her in clinic, she states that she has had pain in her thigh for approximately 3 months. She attributes this to beginning a new walking regimen in order to lose weight.

Reconstruction Cases Bearing Materials And Associated Complications

An 82-year-old woman, with a BMI of 33.9 and history of total hip replacement performed 8 years ago, sustained a fall when attempting to walk to the bathroom. She has been unable to bear weight or ambulate since the fall. Radiographs and clinical picture of the implant

Orthopedic Oncology cases enchondroma4

A 31-year-old male is seen in the emergency room after sustaining a knee injury. He reports he was playing pickup football this morning when he twisted his knee awkwardly. He felt a pop, and his knee swelled within 20 minutes. He was able to bear weight without much pain, but reports his knee felt

Foot and Ankle cases 34

A 33-year-old man jumped off a 6-ft ledge, injuring his right ankle. He presented to the emergency department shortly thereafter, unable to bear weight on the right foot. The ER physician confirmed that he was in no acute distress, had no open wounds, and had palpable pedal pulses with soft foot

Foot and Ankle cases 20

A 26-year-old man sustained an injury to his right ankle when he was caught in an avalanche while snowboarding. He was unable to bear weight on the right foot and was taken to the emergency department for evaluation. His right ankle is noted to have mild to moderate edema with soft foot

Foot and Ankle cases 5

A 50-year-old otherwise healthy and active gentleman fell from a height of approximately 8 ft while rock climbing. He had immediate pain in his left ankle and was unable to bear weight on that extremity. He presented to the emergency department with pain isolated to the left ankle and foot. Initial

Pediatric orthopedic cases 40

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8 Pediatrics CASES

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8 Pediatrics CASES

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Surgery of the Knee

  Primary total knee replacement&zwnj;&zwnj;   279   Distal femoral osteotomy   309 Revision total knee replacement&zwnj; 293 Proximal tibial

Repair of Dislocating Peroneal Tendons: Perspective 2

DEFINITION Peroneal tendon subluxation or dislocation from the retrofibular groove is a rare cause of ankle pain and disability. The acute injury often remains unrecognized or is misdiagnosed as an ankle sprain. Untreated or misdiagnosed acute injury predisposes a patient to recurrent

Repair of Peroneal Tendon Tears

DEFINITION Pathology of the peroneal tendons may be due to a singular traumatic episode or recurrent ankle sprains. In patients undergoing surgery for ankle instability, 25% have peroneal tendon tears; however, the true incidence is unknown.4 Isolated tears of the peroneus brevis and longus

Percutaneous Achilles Tendon Repair: Perspective 2

DEFINITION Rupture of the Achilles tendon is common. More than 20% of acute injuries are misdiagnosed, leading to chronic or neglected ruptures.7     ANATOMY   The two heads of the gastrocnemius arise from the condyles of the femur, the fleshy part of the muscle

Percutaneous Achilles Tendon Repair: Perspective 1

DEFINITION Achilles tendon ruptures typically occur about 2 to 6 cm proximal to the tendon's insertion site on the calcaneus. This injury is relatively common among both high-performance athletes and the recreational athlete, particularly the “weekend warrior.” Ruptures

Mini-Open Achilles Tendon Repair: Perspective 2

DEFINITION Spontaneous Achilles tendon ruptures are defined as a partial or complete loss of continuity of the distal tendinous portions of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles with the consequent loss in physiologic equinus of the ankle.     ANATOMY   The

Open Achilles Tendon Repair

DEFINITION The Achilles tendon is the strongest tendon in the body and is the primary plantarflexor of the ankle joint.16 Sudden stretch of the tendon tissue can result in complete or partial rupture, with an estimated incidence of 8 to 18 per 100,000 persons.1,3 With complete rupture, the

Lateral Ankle Ligament Reconstruction Using Allograft and Interference Screw Fixation

DEFINITION Lateral ankle sprains are the most common injury in sports, accounting for 15% to 20% of all athletic injuries in some parts of the world. These injuries result in compromise or complete disruption of the lateral ankle and, often subtalar, ligamentous complexes.13,16 Ankle sprains

Hamstring Autografting/Augmentation for Lateral Ankle Instability

DEFINITION Lateral ligament instability occurs in some patients after an inversion injury.38 Although an inversion injury is common, only a few patients have ongoing ankle instability severe enough to require surgery. Persistent instability may occur in 15% to 48% of

Endoscopic Treatment of Posterior Ankle Impingement through a Posterior Approach

DEFINITION Posterior ankle impingement syndrome is a clinical disorder characterized by posterior ankle pain that occurs in forced plantarflexion. It can be caused by an acute or chronic injury, with the os trigonum or trigonal process of the talus as the most offending

Plantar Fascia Release in Combination with Proximal and Distal Tarsal Tunnel Release

DEFINITION Chronic plantar fasciitis with distal tarsal tunnel syndrome is an underrecognized disorder in which the patients with the typical enthesopathy of plantar fasciitis develop neurogenic symptoms and signs, becoming recalcitrant to the usual management of the initial

Tarsal Coalition Resection in the Adult Patient

DEFINITION A tarsal coalition is an abnormal fusion between two adjacent tarsal bones. Less than 2% of the general population is affected, and there appears to be no gender or racial predisposition.2,6,10 Nearly 90% of all tarsal coalitions involve either the subtalar joint or the

Rheumatoid Forefoot Reconstruction

DEFINITION Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory condition of synovial joints that usually presents as a symmetric polyarthropathy. Ninety percent of patients with chronic rheumatoid arthritis have involvement of the foot; the forefoot is the most commonly involved area of the

Morton Neuroma and Revision Morton Neuroma Excision or Endoscopic Decompression

DEFINITION Morton neuroma was first described in 1845 by Lewis Durlacher, a chiropodist to the Queen of England. A primary interdigital (Morton) neuroma is in fact not a neuroma, as it does not involve the haphazard proliferation of axons seen in a traumatic nerve injury. Instead, this

Sesamoidectomy

DEFINITION Sesamoiditis is a general term that indicates an injury to the sesamoid bone. There are multiple possible causes, such as trauma (fracture, contusion, repetitive stress), infection, arthrosis, osteonecrosis, and osteochondritis dissecans.3,5,12,13,15 There are two sesamoid bones

First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis: Perspective 1

DEFINITION Arthrosis of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint is commonly seen in osteoarthritis (hallux rigidus), rheumatoid disease, and gout. The indication for surgical treatment of the first MTP joint is pain where conservative treatment has failed. Arthrodesis of the first MTP

Arthrosurface HemiCAP Resurfacing

DEFINITION Hallux rigidus is an arthritic condition of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. It is the most common form of arthritis affecting the foot. An estimated 2% to 10% of the general population displays varying grades of hallux

Closing Wedge Proximal Osteotomy

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT The primary indication for a proximal closing wedge osteotomy is a symptomatic hallux valgus deformity with a first intermetatarsal angle (IMA) of 14 degrees or greater.   The first metatarsocuneiform (MC) joint should be stable. We evaluate stability of this joint

Scarf Osteotomy

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT Roland Walker Paul Hamilton Sam Singh   The primary indication for a scarf osteotomy is symptomatic hallux valgus deformity with an intermetatarsal angle of less than 20 degrees. The first metatarsocuneiform joint should be stable.   It is a versatile

Akin Osteotomy

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT The primary indication for an Akin osteotomy is hallux valgus interphalangeus or in cases in which residual hallux valgus causes pressure on the second toe on the load stimulation test.     The Akin osteotomy is most commonly used to accompany a scarf or

Biplanar Distal Chevron Osteotomy

DEFINITION Hallux valgus is a common condition that can affect both adults and adolescents.2,7 Patients complain of pain and restriction with activities of daily living because of the lateral deviation of the great toe, the medial deviation of the first metatarsal, and the onset of

Distal Chevron Osteotomy: Perspective 2

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT     The primary indication for a chevron osteotomy is symptomatic hallux valgus deformity with a moderate deformity with an intermetatarsal angle of less than 15 degrees. The first metatarsocuneiform joint should be stable. The osteotomy can also be used to

Pediatric Orthopaedic MCQS ONLINE BANK 1

PREFERRED RESPONSE 3   Improved medical management has changed musculoskeletal outcomes for individuals with hemophilia. Patients with severe hemophilia receiving prophylactic administration of factor VIII may never develop a target joint that requires further orthopaedic intervention.

Pediatric Orthopaedic MCQS ONLINE BANK

(SAE09TR.72) A 13-year-old girl sustained an isolated midshaft left femoral fracture in a motor vehicle accident. The fracture was treated with a rigid, antegrade intramedullary nail placed through the piriformis fossa. The fracture healed uneventfully, as shown in Figure 46a; however, at 12 months

Trauma Orthopedic MCQS online Bank

(OBQ14.208) When treating a proximal tibia fracture, the surgeon decides to (1) use blocking screws in the proximal fragment, and (2) pick the intramedullary nail based on the location of the Herzog curve. Which of the following combinations will best prevent the classic deformity associated with

Sport Orthopedics Mcqs online Bank

(SAE12SN.35) What is the most commonly involved level for brachial plexus stretch injuries or "stingers" in younger athletes involved in collision sports? Review Topic   1 C3-4 2 C4-5 3 C5-6 4 C6-7 5 C7-T1   PREFERRED

Total Elbow Arthroplasty for Rheumatoid Arthritis

DEFINITION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory condition of unknown etiology affecting 1% to 2% of the population. It affects females two to three times as frequently as males, and the incidence increases with age, typically peaking between 35 and 50 years of

Hinged Total Knee Arthroplasty

Indications Hinged total knee arthroplasty is utilized as a salvage procedure for complex primary or revision total knee arthroplasty. Indications include: Limb salvage following periarticular tumor resection Severe bony deficiency requiring segmental

Metaphyseal Porous Metal Cones

Introduction Highly porous metals, particularly porous tantalum, are relatively new biomaterials that offer several advantages over other current conventional materials used for implants due to their uniformity, structural continuity, strength, low stiffness, high porosity, and high

Metal Augments

P ITFALLS Neuropathic Charcot joints may present with large bony defects. Knee arthroplasty is fraught with complications, especially early loosening, in patients with this condition.   Metal Augments   Indications Tibial bony

Principles of Revision Total Knee Replacement

P ITFALLS The best results of revision TKR are achieved when the failure mechanism of the original implant is understood and rectiﬁed.   Principles of Revision TKR   Indications Symptomatic patients with a failed total knee replacement (TKR) with

Cementless Fixation

P ITFALLS Osteoporosis   Cementless Fixation   Indications Tricompartmental arthritis of the knee that has failed nonoperative measures Controversies Weight and inflammatory arthritis are not contraindications to cementless

Knee Arthrodesis

DEFINITION Knee arthrodesis offers an excellent salvage option for an infected total knee arthroplasty (TKA), periarticular tumor, posttraumatic arthritis, and chronic sepsis in the knee. It is a viable solution that allows for stable and painless lower extremity ambulation. The energy

Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty with Extensile Exposure: Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy

DEFINITION Obtaining adequate anterior exposure of the knee can be difficult using standard approaches during revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The options available for dealing with difficult exposure include quadriceps snip (done 5 to 8 cm proximal to the superior pole of the

Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty with Femoral Bone Loss: Metal Augments

e       DEFINITION The number of revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures performed is projected to increase at an annual rate of 19.3%.13 Femoral bone defects are uncommon in primary TKA but are very common

Resection Arthroplasty and Spacer Insertion

DEFINITION Resection arthroplasty and insertion of a spacer is used for the management of chronic deep periprosthetic infection of the hip. This chapter discusses the diagnosis and management of late chronic infections. Acute infections, described in the following text, have a different

Open Achilles Tendon Repair

Intramedullary Nailing of Metaphyseal Proximal and Distal Fractures

DEFINITION A fracture of the proximal or distal tibial metaphysis can occur from a variety of high- and low-energy trauma. Fractures may be confined to the metaphysis or extend into the articular surface. Simple fractures suggest lower energy injuries, whereas comminution signifies a

Antegrade Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur

DEFINITION A femoral shaft fracture is any fracture of the femoral diaphysis from 5 cm below the lesser trochanter to within 6 to 8 cm of the distal femoral articular surface. Some fracture lines extend proximal or distal to the shaft and are therefore not considered shaft fractures. This

Lateral Ankle Ligament Reconstruction Using Allograft and Interference Screw Fixation

Hamstring Autografting/Augmentation for Lateral Ankle Instability

Endoscopic Treatment of Posterior Ankle Impingement through a Posterior Approach

Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome

DEFINITION Compartment syndrome can be either acute or chronic. Acute compartment syndrome is usually due to trauma to, or reperfusion of, the extremity. Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is often associated with the repetitive loading or microtrauma of endurance

Acute Patellar and Chronic Patellar Instability

DEFINITION Patellar instability in children and adolescents usually involves an episode of complete dislocation of the patella from the trochlear groove. Occasionally, there can be episodes of patellar subluxation without gross dislocation. There are two main types of patellar

Arthroscopy-Assisted Management or Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Tibial Spine Fractures

DEFINITION Tibial spine fractures are bony avulsions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) from its attachment on the anteromedial portion of the intercondylar tibial eminence.26 Some authors consider them to be equivalent to the midsubstance ACL injuries seen in the adult

Repair of Acute and Chronic Quadriceps Tendon Ruptures

DEFINITION Quadriceps tendon ruptures result in disruption of the fibers of this tendon, thereby disrupting the extensor mechanism of the knee. Injury is prevalent in patients older than 40 years old and is more common in men. Ruptures usually occur transversely through the tendon at a

Management of Posterolateral Corner Injuries

DEFINITION The posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee is a complex area, both anatomically and functionally, that has the potential to cause great disability when injured. Injuries to the structures of the PLC are uncommon, accounting for only 2% of all acute ligamentous knee

Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

DEFINITION The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the primary stabilizer preventing anterior displacement of the tibia. The ligament is composed of two functional bundles, namely the anteromedial and posterolateral bundles. These bundles are named after the position of their insertion site on

Microfracture Chondroplasty

DEFINITION Chondral defects in the knee are common. The lesions may be partial or full thickness (FIG 1), through all layers of the articular cartilage down to the level of the subchondral bone. Chondral defects may be acute or chronic. These articular cartilage lesions may present

Total Elbow Arthroplasty for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Calcaneal Lengthening Osteotomy for the Treatment of Hindfoot Valgus Deformity

  Calcaneal Lengthening Osteotomy for the Treatment of Hindfoot Valgus Deformity         DEFINITION Valgus deformity of the hindfoot exists when the calcaneus is angled away from the midline of the body in relationship to the talus. Eversion is a

Percutaneous In Situ Cannulated Screw Fixation of the Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis S

  Percutaneous In Situ Cannulated Screw Fixation of the Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis       DEFINITION Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a common hip disorder in adolescents in which the neck and femur displace anterolaterally (most commonly into

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2E

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2E The diagnosis of chronic exertional compartment syndrome is confirmed by measuring a resting pressure of more than    mm Hg, 1-minute postexercise pressure of more than    mm Hg, or a 5-minute postexercise pressure

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2B

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2A 2072. (2226) Q5-2654: The protein neurofibromin normally acts in which of the following ways:   1) Inhibits fibroblast growth factor 3) Downregulates Ras protein 2) Promotes proteoglycan assembly 5) Promotes tumor formation 4)

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2A

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H2D A 4-year-old girl is brought in for examination by her mother because of a bump on the lateral side of her elbow. The girl is unable to extend her elbow. She falls as much as any child, but no particular injury to the elbow is recalled. Radiographs show a

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H1D

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H1D 1132. (1414) Q3-1787: A foot is maximally dorsiflexed during this point of the gait cycle:   1) Midswing 3) Toe off 2) Midstance 5) First one-third of stance 4) Heelstrike   During gait, a foot is dorsiflexed during

APPROACHES TO The Foot and Ankle

APPROACHES TO The Foot and Ankle   Twelve   The Foot and Ankle         Ankle and Hindfoot Anterior Approach to the Ankle Anterior and Posterior Approaches to the Medial Malleolus Approach to the Medial Side of

Excision of Physeal Bar

 57 Excision of Physeal Bar         DEFINITION A physeal bar, or partial premature physeal arrest, is an osseous connection that forms across a physis and has the potential to affect physeal growth.7 Partial physeal arrest may result in three clinically

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK

(OBQ04.118) What muscles are responsible for the most common deformity after antegrade intramedullary nailing for a subtrochanteric femur fracture?           Hip

Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome

  Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome           DEFINITION Compartment syndrome can be either acute or chronic. Acute compartment syndrome is usually due to trauma to, or reperfusion of, the extremity. Chronic exertional compartment

Arthroscopy-Assisted Management or Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Tibial Spine Fractures

  Arthroscopy-Assisted Management or Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Tibial Spine Fractures         DEFINITION Tibial spine fractures are bony avulsions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) from its attachment on the antero-medial portion

Acute Patellar and Chronic Patellar Instability

Chapter 41 Acute Patellar and Chronic Patellar Instability   Eric J. Wall Jay C. Albright Sarah R. Steward     DEFINITION Patellar instability in children and adolescents usually involves an episode of complete dislocation of the patella from the trochlear

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Lisfranc Injury

Chapter 37 Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Lisfranc Injury   Michael P. Clare Roy W. Sanders   DEFINITION A Lisfranc injury refers to bony or ligamentous compromise of the tarsometatarsal and intercuneiform joint complex and includes a spectrum of injuries

Tibial Tuberosity Fractures

Chapter 34 Tibial Tuberosity Fractures   Eric W. Edmonds     DEFINITION Tibial tuberosity fractures are rare fractures that predominately occur in adolescents with the onset of proximal tibial physeal closure. These apophyseal fractures occur almost

Intramedullary Nailing of Metaphyseal Proximal and Distal Fractures of the Mature Tibia

Chapter 33 Intramedullary Nailing of Metaphyseal Proximal and Distal Fractures of the Mature Tibia   Robert Ostrum Michael Quackenbush   DEFINITION A fracture of the proximal or distal tibial metaphysis can occur from a variety of high- and low-energy

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OITE 1213 1A

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 22

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 22 FOR OITE 22 FIGURES CLICK OITE22FIG 02.1 answer back A 30-year-old patient sustains an isolated type II open femoral shaft fracture. In addition to irrigation and debridement, management should include 1- skeletal traction. 2-

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 21

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK ONLINE OITE 21   For  OITE 21 FIGURES CLICK OITE21FIG 01.1 A 49-year-old man has a persistent Trendelenburg gait after undergoing open reduction and internal fixation of a posterior wall acetabular fracture 6 months ago. The radiographs reveal a normal

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 20

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 20   For OITE 20 FIGURE CLICK  OITE 20 FIGURES  00.1 A 25-year-old man sustains the injury shown in the radiographs in Figures 1A and 1B. Examination reveals that he is neurovascularly intact, and there is a transverse 3-cm open medial

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 97

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 97 97.1 A 55-year-old woman reports a spontaneous onset of severe pain in her ribs. AP and lateral chest radiographs show severe osteopenia, two rib fractures, and three vertebral compression fractures. Laboratory studies show a hemoglobin level of 9.0

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK OITE 96

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK OITE 96 96.1 A 4‑year‑old girl has had increasing left hip pain over the past 48 hours and has stopped walking. Her temperature is 38°C (100.4°F). Hip range of motion is limited. Aspiration of the hip reveals a WBC of 68,000/mm' and

ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK OITE98

Orthopaedic In-Training Exam 1998   Question 1 - A patient has a grade 2 open tibial fracture with 70% cross sectional bone loss that extends 2 cm in length. Treatment consists of stabilization with a nonreamed interlocking nail and successful secondary wound closure. Four months

Percutaneous In Situ Cannulated Screw Fixation of the Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

  Chapter 79 Percutaneous In Situ Cannulated Screw Fixation of the Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis Richard S. Davidson and Michelle S. Caird   DEFINITION Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a common hip disorder in adolescents in which the neck and

Valgus Osteotomy for Perthes Disease

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