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ANATOMICAL FEATURES Fig. 13.A. Tripod action of the foot: To maintain perfect ground contact each foot acts as a tripod, with the legs of the tripod being
Rheumatoid arthritis (see Table 1.20) Most common inflammatory arthritis Affects 0.5%–1% of population; three times more common in women 15% concordance rate in monozygotic twins Clinical presentation (see Fig.
Arthritides ( Table 1.20) Osteoarthritis Progressive loss of cartilage structure and function Most common form of arthritis May be idiopathic May be secondary to: Genetics (Col2 defect); women
CALCANEUS FRACTURES EPIDEMIOLOGY Calcaneus fractures account for approximately 1% to 2% of all fractures. The calcaneus, or os calcis, is the most frequently fractured tarsal bone. Represents 60% of all tarsal fractures
A 35-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after jumping to the ground from a 10-foot wall while being pursued by the police. He complains of bilateral heel pain. Describe this x-ray. This is a lateral radiograph of the ankle and hindfoot. It
A healthy 43-year-old female developed insidious onset of plantar right heel pain 2 months ago. She describes an exacerbation of symptoms when initiating weight bearing after getting out of bed in the morning and when transitioning from a seated to standing position during the day. There is no
A 29-year-old woman presents to you with pain on the medial aspect of the ankle and numbness and tingling on the plantar aspect of the foot. She reports no trauma and describes an insidious onset of symptoms over the past month. On physical examination she has neutral hindfoot alignment and no
A 45-year-old woman presents to your office and notes that she has had a several years history of pain at the plantar medial hindfoot. She reports that the pain is present throughout the day and seems to be worse when she is active. She denies any trauma or recent change in shoewear. A lateral foot
CASE 18
Discover the surgical anatomy of the three joints of the hindpart of the foot and how to treat osteomyelitis in children with this comprehensive guide by Dr. Mohammad Hutaif. Author Dr.Mohammad Hutaif, Email Surgery performed on the hindpart of the foot is confined almost exclusively to three
DEFINITION A plantarflexion contracture is defined as the inability to passively dorsiflex the ankle at least 5 degrees past neutral, with a neutral hindfoot, and suggests contracture of the gastrocsoleus complex (FIG 1). Plantarflexion contracture may be secondary to contracture of the
DEFINITION The term insertional Achilles tendinitis (IAT) is actually a misnomer. The condition is more typically a degenerative process, and the nomenclature should reflect this condition, more appropriately, as a tendinosis or tendinopathy.5,7,9,10,16 As the name suggests, IAT is
DEFINITION Insertional Achilles tendinopathy is posterior heel pain at the insertion of the Achilles tendon. The clinical diagnosis is acute and chronic pathology of the Achilles tendon insertion and its surrounding tissues. ANATOMY The Achilles tendon, the
DEFINITION AND INTRODUCTION Patrick Haglund in 1928 described an enlarged posterior border of the os calcis.4 This anatomy (Haglund deformity) becomes very important when external shoeing/heel counter and repeated hyperdorsiflexion causes contact between the Achilles
DEFINITION Chronic plantar fasciitis with distal tarsal tunnel syndrome is an underrecognized disorder in which the patients with the typical enthesopathy of plantar fasciitis develop neurogenic symptoms and signs, becoming recalcitrant to the usual management of the initial
(OBQ14.208) When treating a proximal tibia fracture, the surgeon decides to (1) use blocking screws in the proximal fragment, and (2) pick the intramedullary nail based on the location of the Herzog curve. Which of the following combinations will best prevent the classic deformity associated with
DEFINITION The term insertional Achilles tendinitis (IAT) is actually a misnomer. The condition is more typically a degenerative process, and the nomenclature should reflect this condition, more appropriately, as a tendinosis or tendinopathy.5,7,9,10,16 As the name suggests, IAT is
DEFINITION Insertional Achilles tendinopathy is posterior heel pain at the insertion of the Achilles tendon. The clinical diagnosis is acute and chronic pathology of the Achilles tendon insertion and its surrounding tissues. ANATOMY The Achilles tendon, the
DEFINITION AND INTRODUCTION Patrick Haglund in 1928 described an enlarged posterior border of the os calcis.4 This anatomy (Haglund deformity) becomes very important when external shoeing/heel counter and repeated hyperdorsiflexion causes contact between the Achilles
Surgical Treatment of Cavus Foot DEFINITION A cavus foot deformity in children develops from muscle imbalance that leads to forefoot pronation in relation to the hindfoot. When well established, it is readily recognizable by an abnormally high medial
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H1D 1132. (1414) Q3-1787: A foot is maximally dorsiflexed during this point of the gait cycle: 1) Midswing 3) Toe off 2) Midstance 5) First one-third of stance 4) Heelstrike During gait, a foot is dorsiflexed during
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE QUESTION BANK H1D Which of the following is a significant risk factor for a motor nerve palsy following a primary hip replacement: 1) Age <50 years 3) Prior hip surgery 2) Female sex 5) Developmental dysplasia 4) Body mass index
ARAB BOARD ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK PREFACE Much effort has been put in this book, as every question was reviewed, analyzed and evaluated concerning the benefit, and information given to the student or Orthopedic Resident, that would allow one to realize his weak
Orthopedics MCQS ONLINE OITE23 1.03 What is the most common complication associated with surgical fixation of a transverse midshaft humeral fracture using antegrade statically locked medullary nail? Infection Radial nerve palsy Brachial artery injury during
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 1213 2013 & 2012 OITE Study Guide © 2012 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2012 Orthopaedic In-Training
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 22 FOR OITE 22 FIGURES CLICK OITE22FIG 02.1 answer back A 30-year-old patient sustains an isolated type II open femoral shaft fracture. In addition to irrigation and debridement, management should include 1- skeletal traction. 2-
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK ONLINE OITE 21 For OITE 21 FIGURES CLICK OITE21FIG 01.1 A 49-year-old man has a persistent Trendelenburg gait after undergoing open reduction and internal fixation of a posterior wall acetabular fracture 6 months ago. The radiographs reveal a normal
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 20 For OITE 20 FIGURE CLICK OITE 20 FIGURES 00.1 A 25-year-old man sustains the injury shown in the radiographs in Figures 1A and 1B. Examination reveals that he is neurovascularly intact, and there is a transverse 3-cm open medial
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE BANK OITE 97 97.1 A 55-year-old woman reports a spontaneous onset of severe pain in her ribs. AP and lateral chest radiographs show severe osteopenia, two rib fractures, and three vertebral compression fractures. Laboratory studies show a hemoglobin level of 9.0
Orthopaedic In-Training Exam 1998 Question 1 - A patient has a grade 2 open tibial fracture with 70% cross sectional bone loss that extends 2 cm in length. Treatment consists of stabilization with a nonreamed interlocking nail and successful secondary wound closure. Four months
ANKLE AND FOOT EXAMINATION SPECIAL TESTS CHAPTER 7 ANKLE AND FOOT‌ ●A LIGAMENT STRESS TESTS 236 Anterior talofibular ligament stress test 236 Calcaneofibular ligament stress
DEFINITION An intra-articular calcaneus fracture is an injury that involves the joint surfaces of the calcaneus, usually with displacement. A fracture-dislocation of the calcaneus occurs when the posterior facet dislocates from beneath the talus and
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 TRAUMA 2C week of indomethacin followed by 5 weeks of placebo, and (4) 6 weeks of indomethacin and followed for 1 year. The authors concluded that the use of prophylactic postoperative indomethacin increases the incidence of symptomatic nonunion of the PW as assessed
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE OB 20 TRAUMA 2A OrthoCash 2020 A 25 year-old-male presents with the injury seen in Figure A. Which of the following would be a contraindication to closed management with a functional
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 20 OB TRAUMA 1D fractures is associated with decreased shoulder strength and increased nonunion rates. Risk factors for non-union in non-operative management of midshaft clavicle fractures include advanced age, female gender, displacement and comminution. Open
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 20 OB TRAUMA 1C Figure A Buttress plating is most appropriate in which of the following clinical
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS 20 TRAUMA 1A What percentage of patients will complain of knee pain at the time of union of a tibial shaft fracture treated with a reamed intramedullary nail? 1. <10% 2. 10-33% 3. 33-50% 4. 50-75% 5. >75% Correct
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS 011 PATHOLOGY 2011 Musculoskeletal Tumors Self-Assessment Exam by Dr.Dhahirortho 1 Question 1 A 30-year-old man has a
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS O11 ANATOMY IMAGING Online 2011 Anatomy-Imaging Self-Assessment Examination by Dr.Dhahirortho 1 Q 1 1a 1b 1c 1d 1e A 43-year-old
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 012 TRAUMA 2012 Musculoskeletal Trauma Self-Assessment Examination by
Question 1Figure 1 is the radiograph of a 48-year-old man. He is of normal height and weight, medically healthy,and in good physical condition. What is the best treatment option? Short-leg non-weight-bearing cast in plantar
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 013 SPORTS 2013 Sports Medicine Self-Assessment Examination by Dr.Dhahirortho 1 Question 1Figure 1 is
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 015 TRAUMA CLINICAL SITUATION FOR QUESTIONS 1 THROUGH 3 1a 1b Figures 1a and 1b are the radiographs of a
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONLINE 015FOOT and Ankle CLINICAL SITUATION FOR QUESTIONS 1 THROUGH 4 A B Figures 1a and 1b are the radiographs of a
ORTHO MCQS BANK 011 FREE 04 Q 1 1a 1b 1c 1d 1e A 43-year-old female factory worker has had a 6-month history of right plantar and lateral foot pain. She has pain with weight bearing and has difficulty standing at work. Management consisting of physical therapy, time off of work, and fracture
ORTHO MCQS BANK 011 FREE 03 Question 2..On MRI, what nerve is most likely to demonstrate increased signal intensity about the elbow in asymptomatic patients? 1- Ulnar 2- Radial 3- Median 4- Anterior interosseous 5- Musculocutaneous DISCUSSION: The ulnar nerve has been shown to have
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS OB 20 TRAUMA1 What percentage of patients will complain of knee pain at the time of union of a tibial shaft fracture treated with a reamed intramedullary nail? 1. <10% 2. 10-33% 3. 33-50% 4. 50-75% 5. >75% CORRECT ANSWER: 4 Anterior knee
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER SPORT 01 1. An 18-year-old high school football player sustains a thigh injury that results in the findings shown in Figure 1. Initial management should consist
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS BANK WITH ANSWER ANATOMY 02 1. A patient has right shoulder pain. Figure 1a shows a gadolinium-enhanced transverse MRI scan at the level of the coracoid. Figure 1b shows an arthroscopic view of the anterior structures
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS WITH ANSWER FOOT 03 1. The main advantage of surgical repair of an acute Achilles tendon rupture, when compared with nonsurgical management, is reduced 1- stiffness of the
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS WITH ANSWER ANATOMY 05 1. A 65-year-old man with ankylosing spondylitis sustains an extension injury to his cervical spine. Two days later, a progressive neurologic deficit develops at the C6 level. An MRI scan
ORTHOPEDIC MCQS WITH ANSWERS ONLINE FOOT AND ANKLE 06 1. Figures 1a and 1b show the clinical photograph and oblique radiograph of a 52-year-old man who has plantar first metatarsal pain. A felt pad in the shoe proximal to the area of pain has failed to provide
ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ONCOLOGY/TUMOR08 1. A 13-year-old girl has had increasing left hip pain for the past 4 months. A radiograph, bone scan, MRI scan, and photomicrograph are shown in Figures 1a through 1d. Which of the following
ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS ANATOMY08 1. During a retroperitoneal approach to the L4-5 disk, what structure must be ligated to safely mobilize the common iliac vessels toward the midline from laterally and gain
ONLINE ORTHOPEDIC MCQS FOOT0 9 1. Figure 1 shows the radiograph of a 60-year-old woman who underwent a previous operation for great toe pain 20 years ago. She has had increasing pain over the past 5 years and now reports pain with any
Orthopedic MCQS online Sport Medicine 1- A 38-year-old man has increasing left knee pain and occasional instability. Several years earlier he sustained a noncontact twisting injury to his knee. He had initial soreness and pain but was able to resume his normal activities while
Foot and Ankle Surgery General Principles 1 Biomechanics Take-Home Message • The complex bony and ligamentous anatomy of the foot and ankle allows multiple foot
Pediatric Orthopaedic MCQS Self-Assessment Examination 2020 Question 1 of 100 Figures 1 and 2 are the radiographs of an 11-year-old girl who is having right elbow pain after “trying to beat up a
Foot and Ankle free MCQS2020 Online Question 1 of 100 Figures 1 through 3 are the standing radiographs of a 52-year-old woman with symptomatic hallux valgus in the setting of pes planus and hypermobility of the
ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE 2022 MCQ-1101 1150 1101. (393) Q3-526: A 67-year-old woman sustained a cerebrovascular accident 18 months previously, and has problems with ambulation. She notes that the ankle buckles with ground contact. Upon examination, she ambulates with slight
ORTHOPEDICS HYPERGUIDE 2022 MCQ1001-1051 1001. (3796) Q2-7579: Which of the following is the proper sequence (or order) of the classes of macromolecules in articular cartilage in regard to the percentage of dry weight of the components (highest to lowest): 1) C